CS Knowledge Base

tu

1. Pronunciation spelling of to, representing African-American Vernacular English.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/ [ˈtʊ]
• Hyphenation: tu

tú f

1. thing

Declension of tú
absolutive	tú
predicative	tú
subjective	tú
genitive	tú
Postpositioned forms l-case túl k-case túk t-case tút h-case túh

• ím

• E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “tu”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
• Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015), L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎^[5], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Ainu cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : tu     Ordinal : tu ikinne

• IPA^(key): /tu/
• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: tu

tu (Kana spelling トゥ)

1. two

Unknown.

tu

1. may

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

tu

1. you (singular)

• tini/tine
• ti

• io/iou, mini
• el/elu, nãs
• noi
• voi
• nãsh, elj

Compare tru.

tu

1. in
2. into

• tru, ãn

From Proto-Nuristani, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tuHám, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

tu (Sanu)^[1][2]

1. you (singular)

From Latin tū.

tu

1. (informal) you (singular)

From English two.

• IPA^(key): /tu/
• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: tu

tu (Bengali script তু)

1. two

• ni
• rongni
• do

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary. Stated in Appendix 2.

tu (second person singular, nominative case)

1. (Litovska) you

tu

1. forest; thicket

tu

1. to spit (out)

Borrowed from Indonesian tua.

tu

1. old

• Daigle (2015). Cited in: "Batuley" in Greenhill, S.J., Blust, R., & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271–283.

Bislama cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : tu

From English two.

tu

1. two

From English too.

tu

1. too

tu

1. to go

From Proto-Brythonic *tʉβ, from Proto-Celtic *toibos, whence also Old Irish tóeb and Irish taobh. Cognate with Welsh tu, Cornish tu.

tu m

1. side

From Old Catalan tu, from Latin tū.

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈtu]

• Audio (Catalonia):

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• Rhymes: -u

tu

1. you (singular); thou
2. one (singular, impersonal)

• vostè, vós (plural or polite)
• vosaltres (plural)

• “tu” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

tu

1. water

• Eung-Do Cook (2013), A Tsilhqút'ín Grammar

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ; cognate with Hän chuu, Ahtna tuu, Deg Xinag te, Navajo tó, Gwich'in chųų, etc.

tu

1. water

• Eung-Do Cook (2004), A grammar of Dëne Sųłiné (Chipewyan), page 350

tu

1. one

• SIL Zapotec Basic Vocabulary, page 52

From Middle Cornish tu, from Proto-Brythonic *tʉβ, from Proto-Celtic *toibos. Cognate with Breton and Welsh tu, Irish and Scottish Gaelic taobh, and Manx çheu.

tu m (plural tuyow)

1. side

   Synonyms: amal, parth, tenewen

2. direction, bearing

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

tu

1. hard mutation of du
2. mixed mutation of du

• IPA^(key): [ˈtu]

• Audio:

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Inherited from Old Czech tu, from Proto-Slavic *tu.

tu

1. (informal or dialectal) here

   Synonyms: zde, tady

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

tu

1. feminine accusative singular of ten

• “tu”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “tu”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “tu”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tawŋ.

Drung numbers ⁽⁾

[a], [b] ←  1	←  100	1,000
Cardinal: tu

tu

1. thousand

• Ross Perlin (2019), A Grammar of Trung‎^[6], Santa Barbara: University of California

tu (plural tuwo)

1. gun

tu

1. to build
2. to close
3. to crush
4. to grind
5. to meet
6. to untie

tu f sg

1. (Lagarteiru) apocopic form of túa (“your”)

• Used in Lagarteiru before a feminine singular noun as part of a noun phrase.

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021), Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[7], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN, page 266

Borrowed from English two.

tu

1. two

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu

1. to stand
2. to be (only in situations regarding posture or position)

• IPA^(key): /ty/

• Audio (France):

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• (Quebec) IPA^(key): [t͡sy], [t͡sʏ]
• (Louisiana) IPA^(key): [ti], [t͡ʃy]

• Audio (Switzerland (Valais)):

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• Audio (France (Toulouse)):

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• Audio (France (Vosges)):

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• Audio (France):

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• Audio (France (Grenoble)):

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• Audio (France (Vosges)):

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• Audio (France (Hérault)):

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• Audio (France (Saint-Étienne)):

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• Audio (France (Lyon)):

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• Audio (France (Massy)):

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• Homophones: tue, tues, tuent, tus, tut, tût
• Rhymes: -y

From Old French tu, from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Cognates with the exact same usage are the Italian tu, as well as du in German or ты in Russian.

tu (second person informal singular, plural vous, object te, emphatic toi, possessive determiner ton)

1. you (singular)

• When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered somewhat impolite to say the pronoun moi first, etiquette says it must be the last one, and toi must be said after a third person:
  • Rose, toi et moi irons là-bas., “Rose, you and I will go there.”
• "Tu" is used to address one person in an informal situation. Older people tend to exclusively use it with familiar people, and do not use it with unfamiliar adults unless invited to; but younger people use this pronoun much more, using it together in any informal situation, even if they don't know each other. Using "vous" in this context will be seen as old-fashioned and distant.
• "Tu" is not typically used in formal settings such as business meetings and never in court, regardless of the relationship between the speaker and the listener.
• Using "vous" when "tu" would be more appropriate will come across as rigid and awkward; however, using "tu" when "vous" would be more appropriate could come over as deliberate disrespect. For this reason, as a rule of thumb, it is advised to use "vous" if in doubt, as it is "all-encompassing".
• Children are always addressed using "tu" – vous would come over as comical. In elementary, middle, and high schools, teachers address students using "tu", but students address teachers using vous*. In higher education usage of vous becomes more common in both directions.
• In formal written communication to any adult, use vous. Not doing so may come over as unprofessional at best, deliberately disrespectful at worst.
• However, depending on the region or type of school, other norms may be more used in place. For example, in Quebec (not the rest of Canada), it is more common for students to use "tu" with their teachers.^[1]

• Nominative: tu
• Emphatic: toi
• Oblique: te
• t' (proclitic form, colloquial)

• vous (plural form and polite singular form)

tu (feminine tue, masculine plural tus, feminine plural tues)

1. past participle of taire

From t-il.

tu

2. (Quebec, informal) question marker

   C'est-tu possible ? ― Is it possible?

• “tu”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

• ut

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

tu

1. you

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tu.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/ [ˈt̪u]
• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: tu

tu

1. you (singular)

• “tu”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026

From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

tū (plural suīs)

1. you (singular); thou

• Nominative: tū
• Accusative: ti/te
• Dative: toi

• Václav Blažek (2008), “Gaulish Language”, in Sborník prací filozofické fakulty brněnské univerzity / Studia minora facultatis philosophicae universitatis brunensis‎^[8], page 59

• IPA^(key): /tuː/

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

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• Rhymes: -uː

tu

1. singular imperative of tun

• IPA^(key): /tuʔ/
• Rhymes: -tu

tu

1. this (what is being indicated)

tu

1. this

• hari tu

Borrowed from English thou, French tu, German du, Italian tu, Spanish tú, Russian ты (ty), all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ with +‎ -u.

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu (second person singular)

1. (informal, familiar) you (singular), thou

   Synonym: (formal) vu

From Latin and common Romance tu.

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu (second person singular)

1. you (singular); thou

subject	tu
object	te
reflexive	te
possessive	tu, tue

tu

1. (possessive) your

Inherited from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/^*[1][2]

  • Audio:

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• (most parts of Latium) IPA^(key): /ˈtu/^°
• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: tù

tu (second person singular)

1. you (singular); thou

   Synonym: (colloquial^[3] and regional^[3]) te

• With Italian being a pro-drop language, subject pronouns are mostly omitted, both in the written and spoken language, as the inflected verb is conjugated by person. An example would be: Mangi una mela, which is much more common than Tu mangi una mela, where the subject can be inferred from the inflected form mangi ; similarly È carina instead of Lei è carina. The explicit usage of personal pronouns may sound redundant to a native speaker, except when it is used in order to emphasize the subject. (Tu mangi una mela could be interpreted as You are eating an apple and I am not)..
• The second-person pronoun in particular can sound confidential and, in some cases, even impolite.

Derived from English to.

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu

1. to
   • 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, 3 Jan 1:1:

     Da leta ya a kom fram mi, di elda — tu mi speshal fren, Gaiyos. Mi fren, mi riili riili lov yu.

     This letter comes from the elder to Gaius, my dear friend, whom I love in the truth.

• tu at majstro.com

tu

1. The katakana syllable トゥ (tu) in Hepburn romanization.

tu

1. you (2nd-person personal pronoun)

tu

1. you (singular)

• “tu” in Finnish Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/
• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: tu

tu (not comparable)

1. here (at this place)

   Synonym: tuwò

   Coordinate term: tam

• Stefan Ramułt (1893), “tu”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 216
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “tu”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[9]
• “tu”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

From Proto-Kuki-Chin [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tu. Cognates include Burmese တူ (tu) and Chinese 錘 / 锤 (chuí).

• IPA^(key): /tu˩/

tu

1. hammer

• K. E. Herr (2011), The phonological interpretation of minor syllables, applied to Lemi Chin‎^[10], Payap University, page 48

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu

1. (informal) you (singular)

• vozotros (masculine plural)
• vozotras (feminine plural)
• vos (formal singular)

tu

1. your

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū, Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Cognates include Latvian tu and Lithuanian tu.

• IPA^(key): [ˈtu]
• Hyphenation: tu

tu

1. thou, you (singular)
2. (in reported speech) he, she (that is addressed)

• A. Andronov; L. Leikuma (2008), Latgalīšu-Latvīšu-Krīvu sarunu vuordineica, Lvava, →ISBN, page 10
• Nicole Nau (2011), A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 35

From Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ or *tū.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈtuː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈtuː]

tū (second person singular, possessive adjective tuus)

1. you (singular); thou

   Mē tuī pudet.

   I am ashamed of you.

   Medice, cura teipsum.(Lucas 4:23)

   Doctor, heal thyself.(Luke 4:23)

When used in the plural genitive, vestrī is used when it is the object of an action, especially when used with a gerund or gerundive. When used in such a construction, the gerund or gerundive takes on the masculine genitive singular. Vestrum is used as a partitive genitive, used in constructions such as (one of you).

• Plautus sometimes has genitive singular tīs.
• tēd is an early form of tē.

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:tu.

• “tu”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “tu”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tū, Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

The Latvian tevis comes from *tevens, with an -en-increased form showing an additional s by analogy with other genitive plurals. The dative form was originally closer to Old Prussian tebbei; the current form tev has a v due to influence from other declension forms, and the ending was reduced. The accusative tevi comes from *teven, with n by analogy to the accusative form of other words. The locative tevī was formed by analogy with i-stem nouns.^[1]

• IPA^(key): [tu]

• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: tu

tu (personal, 2nd person singular)

1. (informal in the singular) you; (dated) thou; second person pronoun, referring to the addressee

   vai tu nāksi man līdzi? ― are you coming with me?

   pieder tautai, tad tauta piederēs tev! ― belong to the people, and then the people will belong to you!

   būt uz tu ar kādu ― to be on intimate terms (lit. to be on thou) with someone

2. (in the expression “ak tu...”) used to strengthen the meaning of a word or expression

   "ak tu to skaļo gaiļa rīkli!" māte priecājas ― "oh you loud rooster throat!" mother said happily

   ak tu mūžs! cūka izlauzusies no aizgalda! ― ah (you) life! the pig escaped from the pen!

The dative form tevim is used only optionally, with prepositions.

• tavējs

• vietniekvārds

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tuˀ (“you”), from Proto-Indo-European *tuH. The oblique stem tav- has been generalized from the Proto-Indo-European genitive *téwe. For a discussion of the case endings, see àš (“I”).

• IPA^(key): /tʊ/

tù

1. you (singular)

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu

1. accusative feminine singular of ten

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognate with Ahtna tuu, Navajo tó.

• IPA^(key): /tʰu/

tu

1. water
2. (in compounds) juice, liquid, soup, broth

• to-

tu

1. to harvest or peel cottonwood or birch sap

Aspect	Imperfective	Perfective	Future	Optative
Durative	tu'	tu'	tu'	tu'

• ch'eɬtu' (“he/she is peeling off birch sap”)
• deltu'i (“drawn birch or cottonwood sap”)

• James Kari (1991), Lower Tanana Athabaskan Listening and Writing Exercises
• Kari, James et al. (2024), Kari, James, editor, Lower Tanana Dene Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, pages 366-368

• itu, تو, ايت

Shortened form of itu, from Proto-Malayic *(i)tu(ʔ), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)tu, from Proto-Austronesian *(i-)Cu.

• IPA^(key): /tu/
• Rhymes: -tu, -u
• Rhymes: -u

tu

1. (colloquial) that (what is being indicated)

tu

1. (colloquial) that (that thing)

tu

1. nonstandard spelling of tū
2. nonstandard spelling of tú
3. nonstandard spelling of tǔ
4. nonstandard spelling of tù

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

From Proto-Otomi *dų, from Proto-Otomian [Term?], from Proto-Oto-Pamean *tõ, from Proto-Oto-Manguean *ti(n).

• IPA^(key): /tù/

tu (intransitive)

1. die

• IPA^(key): /tǔ/

tu

1. contain
2. exist

• IPA^(key): /tǔ/

tu

1. owe

tu

1. alternative form of þou (“thou”)

tu

1. you (the second-person singular pronoun)

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tuu.

tu

1. grandchild

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *tuu, whence also the agentive suffix -tu.

tu

1. who?

   Tu nge i nih?

   Who are you?

• Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “tu”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society

From Latin tū.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/

tu

1. you (second-person singular nominative pronoun)

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 1653: “voglio che tu finisca” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it

From English too.

tu

1. too
2. very

From English two.

tu

1. two

• tö (Sylt)

From Proto-Germanic *tō.

tu

1. (Föhr-Amrum, Mooring) to
   • 1867, Kleine Mittheilungen. Zur Sammlung der Sagen, Märchen und Lieder, der Sitten und Gebräuche der Herzogthümer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg. Nachträge, herausgegeben von Dr. Handelmann in Jahrbücher für die Landeskunde der Herzogthümer Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg herausgegeben von der S. H. L. Gesellschaft für vaterländische Geschichte. Band IX., p. 126 (Von der Insel Amrum. Mitgetheilt von Chr. Johansen)

     Gung am tu Sam
     Am an Tram;

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

From Proto-Iranian *tuHám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *túH, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

• IPA^(key): [tʊ]

Central Kurdish	تۆ (to)
Southern Kurdish	ت (ti)

tu (second person singular)

1. you (singular); thou

• te

• hûn

• oto, otor, tur, to, tor

Rebracketing of ut+or, similar in its genesis to på, poinni, ti and tå.

tu

1. (dialectal, Trøndelag, Eastern Norway) alternative form of or (“out of”)

From Old Occitan tu, from Latin tū.

• IPA^(key): /ty/

• Audio (Béarn):

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tu

1. you (singular)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu.

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈtu/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈtu/

tu

1. here, there

   Synonyms: tuto, tuž, tuže, sde

Type		interrogative		relative	demonstrative			indefinite
		kto/ký qualitative	který selective	jen	sen proximal	ten	onen distal	jiný alternative	veš every
Time		k(eh)dy	-kterdy	jedy	—	t(eh)dy	on(eh)dy	jindy	v(e)šdy
Place	in	kde	-kterde	—	sde	tu	onde	jinde	vešde
	to	kam(o)	—	jam(o)	sěm(o)	tam(o)	onam(o)	jinam(o)	všam(o)
	through	kudy, kady	—	jady	sudy	tudy, tady	onudy, onady	jinudy, jinady	všudy, všady
	with prepositions	-kud, -kad	—	-ňud, -ňad	-sud, -sad	-tud, -tad	-onud, -onad	-jinud, -jinad	-všud, -všad
Manner	Way	kak(o)	kterak(o)	jak(o)	sic(e)	tak(o)	onak(o)	jinak(o)	však(o)
	Amount	kolik(o)	—	jelik(o)	—	tolik(o)	—	—	všelik(o)
Indefinite prefixes: ně-, leda-, neda-, ni- Indefinite suffixes: -koli, -si

• Czech: tu

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “tu”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

From Proto-Germanic *twō, neuter of *twai.

• IPA^(key): /tuː/
• Rhymes: -uː

tū

1. neuter nominative/accusative of tweġen

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/

tu

1. thou, you (singular second person pronoun)
   • a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 149 (facsimile):

     eu te rogo / ſeñor que me tu leues Deſta carcer eſcura / E que ueia no Ceo a ta face velida.

     Lady, I beg you, please take me out of this dark prison and let me see your beautiful face in Heaven.

• Fala: tu
• Galician: tu, ti
• Portuguese: tu

tu

1. alternative spelling of tú

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu. First attested in the 14th century.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /tu/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /tu/

tu

1. here (at this place)

   Synonym: tuta

2. here, hither (to this place)
3. then (at that time)
4. here (in this situation)

• Polish: tu

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “tu”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

tu

1. alternative form of þū

From Sanskrit तुवम् (tuvam, “thou”).

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu (personal, Perso-Arabic spelling توۡ)

1. you (2sg nom subject or direct object)

• Henrik Liljegren; Naseem Haider (2011), “tu”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[11], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “tu”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Inherited from Old Polish tu.

• Audio 1:

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• Audio 2:

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• Audio 3:

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• Audio 4:

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• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: tu

tu

1. here (at this place)

   Synonym: tutaj

   Coordinate term: tam

2. here; hither (to this place)

   Synonym: tutaj

   Coordinate term: tam

3. here; now (at this time)

   Synonym: tutaj

tu

1. (colloquial, telephony) used by the speaker to introduce themselves on the telephone; speaking

   Synonyms: tutaj, z tej strony

   Tu Janek! ― Janek speaking!

2. used by the speaker to indicate they are thinking
3. (colloquial) expressive particle, usually of anger
4. (colloquial) particle of uncertainty of success on the speaker's part

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), tu is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1-2 times in scientific texts, 42 times in news, 113 times in essays, 169 times in fiction, and 353 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 779 times, making it the 57th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

• tu in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• tu in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “TU”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 30.03.2020
• “TU”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 06.09.2008
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “tu”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “tu”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “tu”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 162

• (São Miguel, Azores) IPA^(key): /ˈty/

• Audio (Brazil (São Paulo)):

  (file)

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -u
• Hyphenation: tu

From Old Galician-Portuguese tu, from Latin tū (“you”), from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

tu

1. (informal in Portugal, literary, archaic or regional in Brazil) you; thou (singular second person pronoun)

   Synonyms: (Brazil, formal) o senhor, (formal in Portugal, neutral in Brazil) você, (formal, archaic) vossa mercê, (formal, archaic) vosmecê, (formal, obsolete) vossemecê

2. (Brazil, colloquial, proscribed) second-person singular prepositional pronoun

   Ela gosta de tu. ― She's into you.

• Tu has fallen out of use in some regions of Brazil, including most of the Southeast and the Centre-West, where "você" has taken its place. It is still very commonly used in various regions of the country though, such as most of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, parts of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro city and most of the Northeast and North regions. It should be noted that in Rio de Janeiro the pronoun is frequently employed interchangeably with você. Despite the media's preference for "você", the usage of "tu" seems to have been gaining ground throughout the last few decades in Rio (see [12], a linguistic research on the topic in Portuguese), being most frequent among younger speakers.
• According to grammars, tu should always take second person singular verbs, as is the case in Portugal and some parts of Brazil. However, in most Brazilian dialects which employ tu, it now takes third person singular verbs, like você.

tu

1. (onomatopoeia) the sound produced by a telephone after one of the callers hangs up

• “tu”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “tu”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

From Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

tu

1. you (singular)

---

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

• IPA^(key): /tu/

• Audio:

  (file)

tu

1. you (singular), thou

   Synonyms: (semi-polite form) dumneata, (polite form) dumneavoastră

From Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu

1. you (singular)

   Synonym: (formal, now rare) vosthè

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006), Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Inherited from Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam).

tu

1. you; second-person singular and plural personal pronoun

• Knobloch, Nina (2020), A grammar sketch of Sauji: An Indo-Aryan language of Afghanistan‎^[13], Stockholm: Stockholm University

• IPA^(key): /d̪̊u/, (accented) /d̪̊uː/^[1][2][3], (rarely) /t̪ʰu/, /t̪ʰuː/^[4][5]

tu (emphatic tusa)

1. Form of thu (“thou, you”) used after verb forms ending in -n, -s or -dh.

From Proto-Slavic *tu.

tȗ (Cyrillic spelling ту̑)

1. here (in this place)

   Tu nikad nismo bili. ― We have never been here.

2. (proximal) here, over here (in the indicated place nearby)

   Eno ih tu! ― Here they are!

3. over here (to, towards this place)

   Dođi tu! ― Come over here!

• (Croatia) tuj

• (here, over here): óvdje
• (there, over there): tȁmo, ondje

• tuni

From Latin tū.

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu (second person singular)

1. you (informal); thou

nominative	tu
prepositional	tia
object, reflexive	ti

Inherited from Old Polish tu.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtu/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: tu

tu

1. here (at this place)

   Synonyms: sam, tukej, samtukej

   Coordinate terms: (regional) hań, (Cieszyń) hanej, (Cieszyń) han, tam

• tu in silling.org

tu

1. you (singular)

• “tu” in Sinte Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

From Proto-Slavic *tu.

• IPA^(key): /tú/

tȕ

1. here, in this place

• tȗkaj

• “tu”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “tu”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

• (Jean Marie River) ti

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognates include Navajo tó and Chipewyan tuu.

• IPA^(key): [tʰù(ʔ)]
• Hyphenation: tu

tu (stem -tu-)

1. water

• Keren Rice (1989), A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 90

From Latin tuus, from Proto-Indo-European *towos.

• IPA^(key): /tu/ [t̪u]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -u
• Syllabification: tu
• Homophone: tú

tu sg (second person singular possessive of singular, of plural tus)

1. (before the noun) apocopic form of tuyo, your

   Synonym: (parts of Central and South America) su

• The forms tu and tus are only used before and within the noun phrase of the modified noun. In other positions, a form of tuyo is used instead:

Son tus libros. ― They are your books.

Son los libros tuyos. ― They are your books. (literally, “They are the books of yours.”)

Besides being a pronoun, because tu occurs in a noun phrase and expresses reference, it also grammatically classifies as a determiner (specifically a possessive/genitive determiner).

• “tu”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

From English two.

tu

1. two

• Saramaccan: tú

From English too.

tu

1. too, also, as well

   Synonym: owktu

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Compare Lithuanian tù, Latvian tu, Old Prussian tu, tou.^[1][2]

tu

1. (second-person singular) you, thou
   • 1985 [1984], Pogańske gwary z Narewu [Pagan dialects from Narew], sourced from copy by V. Zinow, line 2:

     ty — tu

     you

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Maybe Proto-Bantu, see BLR3 4837?”)

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

tu

1. only

From Old Norse tvau, neuter nominative/accusative of tveir.

• Rhymes: -ʉː

tu

1. (archaic, in the neuter) two

   Synonym: två

• tu was the old neuter of två. Thus, one would say "ett hus" (one house), "tu hus" (two houses). The equivalent for the number three was try or tri, which is likewise archaic.

• “tu”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)

• ut

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

tu

1. water

• Jeff Leer, Proto-Athabaskan verb stem variation (1979), page 83

From Proto-Tai *tuːᴬ. Cognate with Thai ตู (dtuu), Northern Thai ᨲᩪ, Lao ຕູ (tū), Lü ᦎᦴ (ṫuu), Tai Dam ꪔꪴ, Shan တူ (tǔu), Tai Nüa ᥖᥧ (tu), Ahom 𑜄𑜥 (tū), Zhuang dou.

• (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA^(key): [tu˧˧]
• (Trùng Khánh) IPA^(key): [tu˦˥]

tu (Nôm form 閗, 須)

1. door

• Dương Nhật Thanh; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[14] (in Tày and Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học xã hội [Social Sciences Publishing House]
• Hoàng Văn Ma; Lục Văn Pảo; Hoàng Chí (2006), Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
• Lương Bèn (2011), Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎^[15][16] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên

tu

1. one

• SIL Zapotec Basic Vocabulary, page 53

tu

1. water

• Michael Foster, Timbe grammar sketch - cohesion in Timbe texts (1981, online 2009), page 10

From Proto-Tocharian *tuwe, from Proto-Indo-European *tuh₂óm. Cognate with Tocharian B tuwe.

tu

1. you, thou

Tok Pisin numbers ⁽⁾

	20
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: tu

From English two.

tu

1. two

Used when counting; see also tupela.

From English too.

tu

1. too; also; as well
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:15:

     God i mekim kamap tupela bikpela lait. Bikpela em san bilong givim lait long de, na liklik em mun bilong givim lait long nait. Na God i mekim kamap ol sta tu.

     →New International Version translation

   • 1995, John Verhaar, Toward a reference grammar of Tok Pisin: an experiment in corpus linguistics‎^[17], →ISBN, page 433:

     Mekim olsem pinis, orait tupela i planim taro na banana, na kumu, painap, kon, tomato, na kaukau tu.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognate with Navajo tó, Dogrib ti, Gwich'in chųų

• IPA^(key): /tʰu/

tú

1. water

• Gūnáhà. Tsuut'ina Gunaha Institute. https://gunaha.altlab.app/

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

tu

1. water

• Raymond L. Collins, Betty Petruska, Dinak'i (our Words): Upper Kuskokwim Athabaskan Junior Dictionary (1979)

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tu˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [tʊw˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [tʊw˧˧]

• Audio (Hà Nội):

  (file)

Sino-Vietnamese word from 修.

tu

1. (intransitive) to isolate oneself from other people to follow rules in a philosophy or religion
2. (ambitransitive, by extension) to self-improve (in studying, life skills, etc.)

tu

1. (transitive) to drink directly from a bottle by holding bottle mouth in one's mouth

Borrowed from English too.

• IPA^(key): /tu/

tu

1. (degree) too, excessively.

From Proto-Brythonic *tʉβ, from Proto-Celtic *toibos, whence also Old Irish tóeb and Irish taobh. Cognate with Breton tu, Cornish tu.

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /tɨː/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /tiː/
• Homophone: tŷ; (South Wales) ti

tu m (uncountable)

1. side

tu

1. beside, next to

• tu cefn (“behind”)

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “tu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

tu

1. you (singular)

• “tu” in Welsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

• IPA^(key): /tu˧/

From Proto-Hmong-Mien *tɛŋH (“to snap”).^[1]

tu

1. to snap, break apart

tu

1. to look after, care for, prepare
2. to clean, clear

• Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979), White Hmong — English Dictionary‎^[18], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, pages 324-5.

tu

1. water

• Carl Campbell, Jody Campbell, Yale Grammar Essentials (1987), page 4