French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁə.fʁwa.diʁ/
Audio: (file) Audio (France (Saint-Maurice-de-Beynost)): (file) Audio (France (Toulouse)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
refroidir
- to lower the temperature of; to cool
- (reflexive or intransitive) to become cooler; to lose heat; to cool down
- to become less active; to cool down, cool off
- (transitive) to strongly reduce or diminish something such as interest, zeal, etc.
- (slang) to ice, to murder
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of refroidir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | refroidir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | refroidissant /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | refroidi /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | refroidis /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ |
refroidis /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ |
refroidit /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ |
refroidissons /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sɔ̃/ |
refroidissez /ʁə.fʁwa.di.se/ |
refroidissent /ʁə.fʁwa.dis/ |
| imperfect | refroidissais /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sɛ/ |
refroidissais /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sɛ/ |
refroidissait /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sɛ/ |
refroidissions /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sjɔ̃/ |
refroidissiez /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sje/ |
refroidissaient /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | refroidis /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ |
refroidis /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ |
refroidit /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ |
refroidîmes /ʁə.fʁwa.dim/ |
refroidîtes /ʁə.fʁwa.dit/ |
refroidirent /ʁə.fʁwa.diʁ/ | |
| future | refroidirai /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁe/ |
refroidiras /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁa/ |
refroidira /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁa/ |
refroidirons /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁɔ̃/ |
refroidirez /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁe/ |
refroidiront /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | refroidirais /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁɛ/ |
refroidirais /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁɛ/ |
refroidirait /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁɛ/ |
refroidirions /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁjɔ̃/ |
refroidiriez /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁje/ |
refroidiraient /ʁə.fʁwa.di.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | refroidisse /ʁə.fʁwa.dis/ |
refroidisses /ʁə.fʁwa.dis/ |
refroidisse /ʁə.fʁwa.dis/ |
refroidissions /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sjɔ̃/ |
refroidissiez /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sje/ |
refroidissent /ʁə.fʁwa.dis/ |
| imperfect2 | refroidisse /ʁə.fʁwa.dis/ |
refroidisses /ʁə.fʁwa.dis/ |
refroidît /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ |
refroidissions /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sjɔ̃/ |
refroidissiez /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sje/ |
refroidissent /ʁə.fʁwa.dis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | refroidis /ʁə.fʁwa.di/ |
— | refroidissons /ʁə.fʁwa.di.sɔ̃/ |
refroidissez /ʁə.fʁwa.di.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “refroidir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012