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Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁

Proto-Indo-European *d(w)is-

Proto-Italic *dis-

Latin dis-

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰew-

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰewd-

Proto-Indo-European *-né-?

Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰunédti ~ ǵʰundénti

Proto-Italic *hundō

Latin fundō

Latin diffundō

From dis- + fundō.

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [dɪfˈfʊn.doː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [difˈfun.do]

Verb

diffundō (present infinitive diffundere, perfect active diffūdī, supine diffūsum); third conjugation

to diffuse, scatter
Synonyms: fundō, effundō, cōnfundō, dēfundō, differō, dissipō, indūcō, sternō
to decant, spread or pour out

Conjugation

Conjugation of diffundō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	diffundō	diffundis		diffundit	diffundimus	diffunditis		diffundunt
	imperfect	diffundēbam	diffundēbās		diffundēbat	diffundēbāmus	diffundēbātis		diffundēbant
	future	diffundam	diffundēs		diffundet	diffundēmus	diffundētis		diffundent
	perfect	diffūdī	diffūdistī		diffūdit	diffūdimus	diffūdistis		diffūdērunt, diffūdēre
	pluperfect	diffūderam	diffūderās		diffūderat	diffūderāmus	diffūderātis		diffūderant
	future perfect	diffūderō	diffūderis		diffūderit	diffūderimus	diffūderitis		diffūderint
passive	present	diffundor	diffunderis, diffundere		diffunditur	diffundimur	diffundiminī		diffunduntur
	imperfect	diffundēbar	diffundēbāris, diffundēbāre		diffundēbātur	diffundēbāmur	diffundēbāminī		diffundēbantur
	future	diffundar	diffundēris, diffundēre		diffundētur	diffundēmur	diffundēminī		diffundentur
	perfect	diffūsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	diffūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	diffūsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	diffundam	diffundās		diffundat	diffundāmus	diffundātis		diffundant
	imperfect	diffunderem	diffunderēs		diffunderet	diffunderēmus	diffunderētis		diffunderent
	perfect	diffūderim	diffūderīs		diffūderit	diffūderīmus	diffūderītis		diffūderint
	pluperfect	diffūdissem	diffūdissēs		diffūdisset	diffūdissēmus	diffūdissētis		diffūdissent
passive	present	diffundar	diffundāris, diffundāre		diffundātur	diffundāmur	diffundāminī		diffundantur
	imperfect	diffunderer	diffunderēris, diffunderēre		diffunderētur	diffunderēmur	diffunderēminī		diffunderentur
	perfect	diffūsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	diffūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	diffunde		—	—	diffundite		—
active	future	—	diffunditō		diffunditō	—	diffunditōte		diffunduntō
passive	present	—	diffundere		—	—	diffundiminī		—
passive	future	—	diffunditor		diffunditor	—	—		diffunduntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		diffundere		diffundī		diffundēns		—
future		diffūsūrum esse		diffūsum īrī		diffūsūrus		diffundendus, diffundundus
perfect		diffūdisse		diffūsum esse		—		diffūsus
future perfect		—		diffūsum fore		—		—
perfect potential		diffūsūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		diffundendī	diffundendō		diffundendum	diffundendō	diffūsum		diffūsū

Derived terms

Descendants

Old Occitan: defondre
→ Catalan: difondre
→ Dutch: diffunderen
→ English: diffuse (via Old French), diffund
→ French: diffuser, diffondre
→ Galician: difundir
→ German: diffundieren
→? Italian: diffondere
→ Norwegian:
- Norwegian Bokmål: diffundere
- Norwegian Nynorsk: diffundere
→ Portuguese: difundir
Sicilian: diffùnniri
→ Spanish: difundir
→ Swedish: diffusera (via Old French), diffundera

References

“diffundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“diffundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“diffundo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- the twigs are shooting out, spreading: rami late diffunduntur
- to spread over the whole body: per totum corpus diffundi
diffundo in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016