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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ém-e-ti, thematic present of *h₁em- (“to take, distribute”).[1][2]
Verb
*emō first-singular present indicative[1]
- to take
Inflection
| Inflection of *emō (third conjugation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Present | *emō | ||
| Perfect | *ēmai | ||
| Aorist | — | ||
| Past participle | *emtos | ||
| Present indicative | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | *emō | *emōr | |
| 2nd sing. | *emes | *emezo | |
| 3rd sing. | *emet | *emetor | |
| 1st plur. | *emomos | *emomor | |
| 2nd plur. | *emetes | *ememanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *emont | *emontor | |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | — | — | |
| 2nd sing. | *emēs | *emēzo? | |
| 3rd sing. | *emēd | *emētor | |
| 1st plur. | *emēmos? | *emēmor | |
| 2nd plur. | *emētes | *emēmanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *emēnt? | *emēntor | |
| Present optative | Active | Passive | |
| 1st sing. | *emām | *emār | |
| 2nd sing. | *emās | *emāzo | |
| 3rd sing. | *emād | *emātor | |
| 1st plur. | *emāmos | *emāmor | |
| 2nd plur. | *emātes | *emāmanoi? | |
| 3rd plur. | *emānd | *emāntor | |
| Perfect indicative | Active | ||
| 1st sing. | *ēmai | ||
| 2nd sing. | *ēmistai? | ||
| 3rd sing. | *ēmei | ||
| 1st plur. | *ēmme? | ||
| 2nd plur. | *ēme | ||
| 3rd plur. | *ēmēri | ||
| Aorist indicative | Active | ||
| 1st sing. | — | ||
| 2nd sing. | — | ||
| 3rd sing. | — | ||
| 1st plur. | — | ||
| 2nd plur. | — | ||
| 3rd plur. | — | ||
| Present imperative | Active | Passive | |
| 2nd sing. | *eme | *emezo | |
| 2nd plur. | *emete | — | |
| Future imperative | Active | ||
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *emetōd | ||
| Participles | Present | Past | |
| *ements | *emtos | ||
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative | |
| *emtum | *emezi | ||
| The optative is only classified as such because it might reflect the PIE optative. However, the etymology of these formations is disputed, and it would evolve into the subjunctive in both Latin and Sabellic. The regular PIE subjunctive is the source of the Latin future. | |||
Derived terms
- *per-emō
- *sub(s)-emō
Related terms
Descendants
- Latin: emō
- Oscan: 𐌄𐌌𐌌𐌄𐌍𐌔 (emmens, 3pl. perf.)
- Umbrian: 𐌄𐌌𐌀𐌍𐌕𐌖𐌓 (emantur, 3pl. pres. pass. subj.), emps (past participle)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “emō, -ere”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 188–189
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₁em-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 236