CS Knowledge Base

See also: 婣

姻	U+59FB, 姻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59FB

← 姺
[U+59FA]

CJK Unified Ideographs

姼 →
[U+59FC]

Translingual

Han character

姻 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, Cangjie input 女田大 (VWK), four-corner 4640₀, composition ⿱女因)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 261, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6250
Dae Jaweon: page 527, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1044, character 8
Unihan data for U+59FB

Chinese

trad.		姻/婣
simp.		姻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (因) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
欭	*qrils
烟	qiːn, qin
胭	*qiːn
咽	qiːn, qiːns, *qiːd
恩	*qɯːn
煾	*qɯːn
因	*qin
姻	*qin
茵	*qin
鞇	*qin
氤	*qin
洇	*qin
駰	qin, qrin
絪	*qin
裀	*qin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qin): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 因 (OC *qin) – marriage of/to a woman.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yīn (yin¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yîn / yîm

(Hailu, HRS): rhin^ˋ / rhim^ˋ
Eastern Min (BUC): ĭng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ing¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): in / ian

(Teochew, Peng'im): ing¹ / êng¹
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹in
- (Jinhua): ¹in

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄣ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yin
  - Wade–Giles: yin¹
  - Yale: yīn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: in
  - Palladius: инь (inʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /in⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jan¹
  - Yale: yān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn / yîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: in^ˊ / im^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yin¹ / yim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /in²⁴/, /im²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîn / yîm
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)in^ˊ / (r)im^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yin¹ / yim¹
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)in²⁴/, /(j)im²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: rhin^ˋ / rhim^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /ʒin⁵³/, /ʒim⁵³/

Note:

yîn/rhinˋ - original;
yîm/rhimˋ - colloquial and common variant.

Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵⁵/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Donghai)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ing¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ing
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ing¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: in
  - Tâi-lô: in
  - Phofsit Daibuun: yn
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /in³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /in⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ian
  - Tâi-lô: ian
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iefn
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /iɛn³³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɛn⁴⁴/

Note:

in - literary;
ian - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: ing¹ / êng¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ing / eng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ³³/, /eŋ³³/

Note:

ing1 - Chaozhou;
êng1 - Jieyang.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Chuansha, Suzhou, Kunshan, Yixing, Changzhou, Jingjiang, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Deqing, Hangzhou, Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Cixi, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ¹in
  - MiniDict: in^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹in
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /in⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /iŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /iŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ʔin⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Chuansha): /in⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /in⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /in⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Yixing): /in⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /iŋ⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Jingjiang): /iŋ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /in⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /in⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Haining): /in⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Deqing): /in⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /in³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /iŋ⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /iŋ⁵²/
  - Sinological IPA (Cixi): /iŋ³²⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /iŋ⁵²/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /iŋ⁵³/
- (Jinhua)
  - Wugniu: ¹in
  - Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /iŋ³³⁴/

Middle Chinese: 'jin

Rime
Character	姻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	於眞切
Baxter	'jin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔin/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔin/
Li Rong	/ʔiĕn/
Wang Li	/ĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jan¹

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qin/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	姻
Reading #	1/1
No.	15177
Phonetic component	因
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	因
Old Chinese	/*qin/

Definitions

姻

marriage
relation by marriage; marital bond

Compounds

References

“姻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

姻

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
姻
いん Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 姻 (MC 'jin).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ĩɴ]

Affix

姻(いん) • (in)

marriage; matrimonial alliance

Derived terms

婚(こん)姻(いん) (kon'in): marriage, matrimony

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [in]
Phonetic hangul: [인]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

姻

姻 • (in) (hangeul 인, revised in, McCune–Reischauer in)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

姻: Hán Nôm readings: nhân

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.