The Omsk Refinery (Russian: Омский нефтеперерабатывающий завод) is an oil refinery plant in the Russian city of Omsk, one of the largest in the country.

Originally built by the Soviet Union during the 1950s, the refinery has belonged to the Russian state-owned company Gazprom since 1995 through its subsidiary Gazprom Neft.

The refinery produces over 50 different types of oil products, including gasoline, jet fuel, bitumen, and natural gas.[1] Their products generally follow European emission standards.[2] Its aromatics complex produces a range of aromatics of high purity: benzene (99.98% purity), p-Xylene (99.95% purity) and o-Xylene (99.6% purity).[3]

Following a long range Ukrainian drone strike, the refinery halted operations as of 7 July 2026.[4]

History

Soviet period

In 1949, Soviet authorities approved construction of an oil refinery near the city of Omsk.[5] The refinery started operations on 6 September 1955,[6] and began processing gasoline by 1959.[7] It was subordinate to the Ministry of Oil Industry from 1951 to June 1957, then to the Omsk Sovnarkhoz's Oil Industry Directorate from July 1957 to 1962.[6]

Feedstock from Bashkortostan was initially processed at Omsk. Feedstock from Siberia followed in 1964. Later feedstocks were delivered through the Ust-Balyk–Omsk pipeline.[3]

Post-Soviet modernization

Russian President Dmitry Medvedev visiting the refinery, 12 February 2010

A unit commissioned in 1994 enabled the refinery to process heavy oil and to increase oil conversion rates to 85%.[3]

As of 2021, the refinery could process 22 million tons of refined petroleum products per year and the capital invested to date in the plant was 60 billion rubles.[8]

As of 2021, the refinery was able to produce 300,000 tons of internationally-certified Jet A-1 jet fuel per year. The refinery was then able to regulate "production levels for automobile and aviation fuels, as well as raw materials for lubricants. The central hydrocracking portion of the advanced oil refining complex (AORC) also will ensure further processing of heavy petroleum fractions into diesel fuel, jet fuel, and other high-quality products in compliance with Euro 5-quality standards". The refinery now complied fully with the clean air and ecology regulations adopted under a decree of May 2018, and was fitted out with sulfur-removal technologies in order to remove 99.8% of sulfur compounds.[8]

Russo-Ukrainian War period

On 25 April 2024, a major fire broke out at the Omsk Refinery involving three rail cars carrying petroleum, which required the deployment of firefighting trains to contain the blaze.[9][10]

The oil refinery fires were detected by NASA's FIRMS on 28 August 2024.

On 26 August 2024, an explosion and subsequent fire burned an area of approximately 1,000 square metres (11,000 sq ft) and injured seven workers, one of whom later died.[11] The incident damaged the CDU-11 crude distillation unit, which accounted for roughly one-third of the facility's active refining capacity.[12][13]

On 6 July 2026, the refinery was attacked by long-range Ukrainian drones[14] operated by Special Operations Forces, marking the first time the Siberian facility was struck during the conflict.[15] The unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), reported to be Fire Point FP-1 drones,[16] traveled approximately 2,500 to 3,000 km (1,600 to 1,900 mi) from Ukrainian territory to conduct the strike.[17] The attack triggered fires in the primary processing infrastructure, specifically hitting the crude distillation unit CDU-10 with a capacity of 24,580 tons per day or about 38% of the refinery capacity. CDU-11, 24,000 tons per day or 37% of refinery capacity, was also shut down, although a Russian source said it could resume operation in the near future.[4][18] Local regional governor Vitaly Khotsenko confirmed that emergency response operations were dispatched to the northern industrial district following the drone arrivals.[19] On 7 July, the refinery announced a halt to operations following the drone strikes.[4]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "О предприятии". onpz.gazprom-neft.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  2. ↑ Anokhin, Konstantin (25 November 2015). "Нефтяники оценили "Евро"". Kommersant (in Russian). Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 "Omsk Oil Refinery". Hydrocarbons Technology. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 "Russia's largest oil refinery halts processing after drone attack, sources say". Reuters. 7 July 2026. Retrieved 7 July 2026.
  5. ↑ "История Омского нефтеперерабатывающего завода". Nefteblog (in Russian). 9 October 2015. Archived from the original on 24 February 2020. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
  6. 1 2 "ОАО "СИБНЕФТЬ - ОНПЗ"". iaoo.ru (in Russian). Historical Archive of the Omsk Region. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  7. ↑ Koleva, Galina (September 2007). "Западно-Сибирский нефтегазовый комплекс: история становления и развития (1960–1980-е гг.)". Tomsk State University Journal (in Russian) (302): 90–95. ISSN 1561-7793. Archived from the original on 23 June 2021. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  8. 1 2 Brelsford, Robert (12 April 2021). "Gazprom Neft's Omsk refinery producing internationally compliant jet fuel". Oil & Gas Journal. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  9. ↑ Ostiller, Nate (25 April 2024). "Russian media reports fire at oil production facility in Omsk". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  10. ↑ "Fire trains tackle major oil tank fires in Omsk, Russia - video". The New Voice of Ukraine. 25 April 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  11. ↑ "Fire Breaks Out at Gazprom-Owned Oil Refinery in Siberia". The Moscow Times. 26 August 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  12. ↑ "Seven injured in fire at Russia's Omsk oil refinery, production continues". Reuters. 26 August 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  13. ↑ "One of those hurt in Omsk refinery fire dies – governor". TASS. 26 August 2024. Retrieved 27 August 2024.
  14. ↑ "Ukrainian drones hit Russia's largest refinery, in one of deepest strikes yet". Reuters. 6 July 2026. Retrieved 7 July 2026.
  15. ↑ Romanenko, Valentyna (6 July 2026). "Ukrainian drones hit Russia's largest oil refinery after traveling 3,000 km to Omsk". Ukrainska Pravda. Retrieved 6 July 2026.
  16. ↑ "Russian largest oil refinery hit for first time by Ukrainian drones". Politico Europe. 6 July 2026. Retrieved 7 July 2026.
  17. ↑ Struck-Feshchenko, Julia (6 July 2026). "Ukraine Hits Russia's Largest Oil Refinery for First Time in Record 3,000 Km Drone Strike". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 6 July 2026.
  18. ↑ "Russia's largest oil refinery in flames as Ukraine strikes Omsk, 2,500 km away from border". The Kyiv Independent. 6 July 2026. Retrieved 6 July 2026.
  19. ↑ "Ukrainian drones hit Russia's largest refinery, in one of deepest strikes yet". The New Voice of Ukraine. 6 July 2026. Retrieved 6 July 2026.
source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omsk_refinery