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This article lists political parties in Hungary. Hungary has a multi-party system since it gained independence following the Revolutions of 1989. Since 2026, the political landscape has been dominated by two major parties: the Tisza Party which has a supermajority in the National Assembly, and the Fidesz–KDNP alliance which consists of the Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance and the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP). The latter is currently the main opposition party.
Political parties have been a core part of Hungarian politics since the Hungarian Reform Era and the long debate leading up to the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, with liberals being represented by the Opposition Party and conservatives being represented by the Conservative Party.[1][2][3] Political parties continued to play a role in Hungarian politics following the Kiegyezés of 1867, especially among Hungarian liberal nationalists.[4] Under the authoritarian regency of the Horthy era, political parties were still allowed, although the Unity Party came to act as the party of power under early Hungarian fascism with support from the Hungarian nobility.[5] Following Operation Panzerfaust, the only legal political party in Hungary was the pro-Nazi and "Hungarist" Arrow Cross Party, which perpetrated the Holocaust in Hungary.[6][7]
Following the Second World War, a brief period of multi-party democracy returned to Hungary, albeit under Soviet occupation.[8][9] With Soviet aid and utilizing salami tactics, the Hungarian Communist Party and its Left Bloc coalition seized power in the 1947 "blue ballot" election.[10][11] In 1948, the Hungarian Communist Party rebranded as the Hungarian Working People's Party, or MDP for short, and in 1949 wrote a constitution which established a Stalinist one-party dictatorship.[12] Following the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the MDP reorganized as the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party, or MSZMP for short, as part of Hungary's broader program of de-Stalinization.[13]
In 1989, various different political parties participated in the Hungarian Round Table Talks and demonstrations against communist rule.[14] Most of the political parties of Hungary today are in some way descended from these political parties, such as Fidesz and its outgrowth, the Tisza Party. The Democratic Coalition is an outgrowth of the Hungarian Socialist Party, which itself is an outgrowth of the reformist wing of the MSZMP. With growing opposition to the early liberal governments in Hungary and the rise of Viktor Orbán, far-right political movements began to emerge, culminating in the founding of Jobbik, which in 2018 became the largest opposition force in Hungary.[15] However, Jobbik started to brand itself as a moderate conservative party to court mainstream voters, leading hardliners to break away and form the current main far-right party in Hungary, Our Homeland Movement;[16][17][18] the opposition, meanwhile, formed the United for Hungary coalition, which was headed by the Democratic Coalition and became the largest opposition party in 2022.[19][20]
Active parties
Parties represented in the National Assembly and/or European Parliament
| Name | Abbr. | Leader | Ideology | MPs | MEPs | Political position |
EP group | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
|
TISZA | Péter Magyar | 141 / 199 |
7 / 21 |
Centre to centre-right |
EPP | ||
 |
|
Fidesz | Viktor Orban | 44 / 199 |
10 / 21 |
Right-wing to far-right |
PfE | ||
|
KDNP | Zsolt Semjén | 8 / 199 |
1 / 21 |
Right-wing to far-right |
PfE | |||
|
MH | László Toroczkai | 6 / 199 |
1 / 21 |
Far-right | ESN | |||
 |
|
DK | László Varju[21][22][23] | 0 / 199 |
2 / 21 |
Centre-left | S&D | ||
Minor parties
| Name | Abbr. | Leader | Ideology | Political position |
EP group | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Hungarian Socialist Party Magyar Szocialista Párt |
MSZP | Imre Komjáthi | Centre-left to left-wing |
S&D | ||
 |
Dialogue – The Greens' Party Párbeszéd – A Zöldek Pártja |
PZ | Centre-left to left-wing |
Greens/ | |||
 |
Momentum Movement Momentum Mozgalom |
MoMo | Márton Tompos | Centre | RE | ||
 |
Movement for a Better Hungary Jobbik Magyarországért Mozgalom |
Jobbik | Béla Adorján | Right-wing | NI | ||
 |
LMP – Hungary's Green Party LMP – Magyarország Zöld Pártja |
LMP | Centre to centre-left |
Greens/ | |||
| On the People's Side A Nép Pártján |
NP | Péter Jakab | Centre-right | N/a | |||
 |
National Self-Government of Germans in Hungary Magyarországi Németek Országos Önkormányzata |
MNOÖ | Ibolya Hock-Englender | German minority interests | Centre-right | N/a | |
| National Self-Government of Romas Magyarországi Romák Országos Önkormányzata |
MROÖ | Mihály Dancs | Romani minority interests | Centre-right | N/a | ||
| ReforMers ReforMerek |
ReforMerek | Andrea Varga-Damm | Centre-right to right-wing | ||||
| Yes Solidarity for Hungary Movement Igen Szolidaritás Magyarországért Mozgalom |
ISZOMM | Tibor Szanyi | Left-wing to Far-left | ||||
 |
Hungarian Liberal Party Magyar Liberális Párt |
Liberálisok | Anett Bősz | Centre to centre-left | |||
| Huxit Party Huxit Párt |
VP | János Volner | Right-wing | ||||
 |
Everybody's Hungary People's Party Mindenki Magyarországa Néppárt |
MMN | Péter Márki-Zay | Centre-right | |||
| Hungarian Workers' Party Magyar Munkáspárt |
Munkáspárt | Gyula Thürmer | Far-left | ||||
| Social Democratic Party of Hungary Magyarországi Szociáldemokrata Párt |
MSZDP | László Andráska | Social democracy | Centre-left to left-wing | |||
 |
Hungarian Two Tailed Dog Party Magyar Kétfarkú Kutyapárt |
MKKP | Gergely Kovács | ||||
| Workers' Party of Hungary 2006 – European Left Magyarországi Munkáspárt 2006 - Európai Baloldal |
Európai Baloldal | Attila Vajnai | Left-wing | ||||
| Motherland Party A Haza Pártja |
HP | Árpád Kásler | Centre | ||||
| Civil Movement Civil Mozgalom |
CM | Mária Seres(hu) | Third Way | Centre-right | |||
| Hungarian Environmentalists' Party Magyar Környezetvédők Pártja |
ZÖLDEK | Zoltán Medveczki | Green conservatism | Right-wing | |||
 |
Solution Movement Megoldás Mozgalom |
MEMO | Dániel Bogó | Digitalization | Centre | ||
| Party of Normal Life Normális Élet Pártja |
NÉP | Ottó Stekler | Vaccine hesitancy | Centre | |||
| Socialists and Democrats Szocialisták és Demokraták |
Attila Mesterházy | Centre-left | |||||
| Prayer - Our Party IMA - A MI Pártunk |
IMA | Vince Száva | Ethnic party | Centre-right | |||
| Libertarian Party Libertárius Párt |
Libertáriusok | Balázs Gábori L. | Libertarianism | Centre | |||
| White Raven Order Party Fehér Holló Rend Párt |
Fehér Holló | André Nyerges | Third Way | Centre | |||
| Alternative Party Alternatíva Párt |
Péter Dóczi | Social democracy | Centre-left to left-wing | ||||
| Second Reform Era Party Második Reformkor Párt |
2RK | Gábor Vona | Centrism | Centre | |||
| Cut taxes by 75% Le az adók 75%-ával |
LA75 | Áron Ecsenyi | Libertarianism | Right-wing | |||
Historical parties
Before the Hungarian Revolution of 1848
| English name | Hungarian name | Active | Ideology |
|---|---|---|---|
| Centralists | Centralisták | (1843–1849) | Centralism Classical liberalism |
| Conservative Party | Konzervatív Párt | (1846–1849) | Conservatism Liberal conservatism |
| Opposition Party | Ellenzéki Párt | (1847–1849) | Classical liberalism National liberalism |
| Peace Party | Békepárt | (1848–1849) | Peace with Austria Conservative liberalism |
Between the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 and the Ausgleich (1867)
After the Revolution of 1848 three different political directions were created - '47ers, '48ers and '49ers.
| English name | Hungarian name | Active | Ideology |
|---|---|---|---|
| Address Party | Felirati párt | (1861–1865) | Ideology of the '48ers National liberalism |
| Resolution Party | Határozati párt | (1861) | Ideology of the '49ers Radical liberalism |
| Left Centre | Balközép | (1865–1875) | Ideology of the '48ers (before the Ausgleich (1867)) Ideology of the '49ers (after the Ausgleich (1867)) |
During the time of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867–1918)
| English name | Hungarian name | Active | Ideology |
|---|---|---|---|
| Principled Left Centre | Elvhű Balközép | (1873–1874) | '48 ideology |
| Far-Left | Szélsőbal | (1861–1874) | '49 ideology (before the Ausgleich (1867)) '67 ideology (after the Ausgleich (1867))) |
| Deák Party | Deák Párt | (1865–1875) | '48 ideology (before the Ausgleich (1867)) '67 ideology (after the Ausgleich (1867)) |
| Liberal Party | Liberális Párt / Szabadelvű Párt | (1875–1906) | Classical liberalism '67 ideology |
| Independence Party | Függetlenségi Párt | (1874–1884) | '48 ideology |
| Independence Party of 1848 | Negyvennyolcas Függetlenségi Párt | (1874–1884) | '48 ideology |
| National Antisemitic Party | Országos Antiszemita Párt | (1883–1892) | Antisemitism |
| Party of Independence and '48 | Függetlenségi és 48-as Párt | (1884–1945) | Classical liberalism '48 ideology |
| MSZDP | Magyar Szociáldemokrata Párt | (1890–?) | Social democracy |
| Catholic People's Party | Katolikus Néppárt | (1894–1918) | Christian socialism |
| National Constitution Party | Országos Alkotmánypárt | (1905–1918) | Classical liberalism '67 ideology |
| National Party of Work | Nemzeti Munkapárt | (1910–1918) | Classical liberalism '67 ideology |
| Radical Civic Party | Polgári Radikális Párt | (1914–1919) | Civic radicalism |
| 48-er Constitution Party | 48-as Alkotmánypárt | (1918) | '48 ideology Classical liberalism |
| Independent Socialist Party | Független Szocialista Párt | (1897–1905) | Socialism Agrarian socialism |
During the First Hungarian Republic and Transitional period (1918–1920)
| Name | Abbr. | Active | Ideology | Political position | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Hungarian Communist Party Magyar Kommunista Párt |
MKP | (1918–1948) | Marxism Communism |
Far-left | |
During the Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)
During the Second Hungarian Republic (1946–1949)
| Name | Abbr. | Active | Ideology | Political position | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Civic Democratic Party Polgári Demokrata Párt |
PDP | 1944–1949 | Centre-right | ||
 |
Hungarian Radical Party Magyar Radikális Párt |
MRP | 1945–1949, 1989–1998 |
Left-wing | ||
|
Hungarian Freedom Party Magyar Szabadság Párt |
MSZP | 1946–1947, 1956, 1989–1999 |
Right-wing | ||
 |
Hungarian Independence Party Magyar Függetlenségi Párt |
MFP | 1947, 1956, 1989–1990 |
Right-wing | ||
|
Independent Hungarian Democratic Party Független Magyar Demokrata Párt |
FMDP | 1947–1949, 1989–2011 |
Liberalism | Centre | |
|
Christian Women's League Keresztény Női Tábor |
KNT | 1947–1949 | Centre-right | ||
During the Hungarian People's Republic (1949-1989)
| Name | Abbr. | Active | Ideology | Political position | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
Hungarian Working People's Party Magyar Dolgozók Pártja |
MDP | (1948–1956) | Far-left | ||
 |
Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party Magyar Szocialista Munkáspárt |
MSZMP | (1956–1989) | Far-left | ||
During the Third Republic (since 1989)
See also
Notes
- ↑ The party was also a member of the National Assembly between 1931 and 1949.
References
- ↑ Sasvári, Péter (29 July 2023). "Hungary's Place in Europe: Liberal–Conservative Foreign Policy Disputes in the Reform Era". Hungarian Conservative. Archived from the original on July 17, 2024. Retrieved October 20, 2025.
- ↑ Géza, Závodszky (2002). Történelem III.: a középiskolák számára. Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó. ISBN 978-963-19-2311-7.[page needed]
- ↑ Lackó, Mihály (1977). Széchenyi és Kossuth vitája. Gondolat. ISBN 978-963-280-428-6.[page needed]
- ↑ Cohen, Gary B. (2007). "Nationalist Politics and the Dynamics of State and Civil Society in the Habsburg Monarchy, 1867-1914". Central European History. pp. 241–278.
- ↑ Bodo, Bela (2010). "Hungarian Aristocracy and the White Terror". Journal of Contemporary History. pp. 703–724.
- ↑ "Szálasi Ferenc: Hungarizmus 2 / 4". nemzszoc.esmartdesign.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28.
- ↑ "Part II. Arrow Cross Terror from Survival under Dictatorships: Life and Death in Nazi and Communist Regimes on JSTOR". www.jstor.org. doi:10.7829/jj.6338474.6?seq=1.
- ↑ "Geordneter Abmarsch aus Ungarn in Rekordzeit | MDR.DE". www.mdr.de (in German).
- ↑ "Communist take-over, 1946-1949". www.rev.hu.
- ↑ "Communist take-over, 1946-1949". www.rev.hu.
- ↑ https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/master/frd/frdcstdy/hu/hungarycountryst00bura_0/hungarycountryst00bura_0.pdf.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ Neubauer, John; Török, Borbála Zsuzsanna (2009). "The Exile and Return of Writers from East-Central Europe: A Compendium". Walter de Gruyter.
- ↑ "Revolution 1989". Pantheon Books. 2009.
- ↑ "Revolution 1989". Pantheon Books. 2009.
- ↑ Spengler, Frank; Friedrich, Mark Alexander (2013). "The Far-Right Jobbik Party and the Situation of Political Extremism in Hungary". Konrad Adenauer Stiftung. pp. 89–107.
- ↑ "Pártszakadáshoz vezethet az ellentét a Jobbikban | Híradó". hirado.hu (in Hungarian).
- ↑ "Dúró Dórával együtt többek kilépnek a Jobbikból | Híradó". hirado.hu (in Hungarian).
- ↑ "Egyenes Beszéd Kontra - Dúró Dóra (Mi Hazánk Mozgalom)". ATV.hu. Archived from the original on 2018-08-23.
- ↑ Clinch, Matt (3 April 2022). "Nationalist Viktor Orban declares victory in Hungary election". CNBC.
- ↑ https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/hungarians-vote-orbans-12-year-rule-tight-ballot-overshadowed-by-ukraine-war-2022-04-03/.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ↑ "Lemondott Dobrev Klára". telex.hu. Retrieved 2026-04-12.
- ↑ "Dobrev Klára lemond a DK elnöki tisztségéről: Kudarcot vallottam". Index.hu. Retrieved 2026-04-12.
- ↑ "Lemondott a Demokratikus Koalíció vezetéséről Dobrev Klára". Népszava. Retrieved 2026-04-12.
| National Assembly (199) | |
|---|---|
| Not represented* |
* Threshold for parties to join the National Assembly in Hungary is 5% of the popular vote, 10% for coalitions of two parties, and 15% for coalitions of three or more parties. |
| European Parliament (21) | |
