The Hollywood Walk of Fame is a landmark that consists of more than 2,800 five-pointed terrazzo-and-brass stars embedded in the sidewalks along fifteen blocks of Hollywood Boulevard and three blocks of Vine Street in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles, California, United States. The stars are monuments to achievement in the entertainment industry and bear the names of a mix of actors, filmmakers, musicians, inventors, businessmen, fictional characters, and more.

The Walk of Fame was originally conceived in 1953; the first stars were unveiled in 1958, and the first permanent stars were placed in 1960. The Walk has been expanded on multiple fronts since then, including the number of stars displayed; categories, entities, and organizations honored; and blocks covered. The Walk deteriorated while it was expanded, and a long-term restoration plan began in 2008.

The Walk of Fame is administered by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce and maintained by the self-financing Hollywood Historic Trust. The Chamber collects fees from each new honoree's sponsor that fund the creation and installation of their star as well as maintenance for the Walk as a whole. The Chamber also owns the Walk's licensing rights.

The Walk of Fame is one of Los Angeles's most popular tourist attractions, receiving an estimated ten million annual visitors in 2010. Attendance at new star unveilings can reach into the thousands and the Walk is also a popular site for memorials, tributes, and protests. Some of the Walk's entries are controversial, as is its overall state, which leaves many disappointed and has earned it several pejoratives. Despite this, the Walk's popularity has inspired other walks around the world.

Description

The Walk of Fame spans 1.3 miles (2.1 km) on Hollywood Boulevard between Gower Street and La Brea Avenue, and 0.4 miles (0.64 km) on Vine Street between Yucca Street and Sunset Boulevard.[1]

Mary Pickford's Walk of Fame star
A star in the motion pictures category

As of June 2026, the Walk consists of 2,850 stars,[2] all but one of which are placed in the ground,[3] all but the 'Awards of Excellence' in the sidewalk at 6-foot (1.8 m) intervals.[4][5] The stars are five-point, coral-pink terrazzo rimmed with brass[4][6] and inlaid into a 3-by-3-foot (0.91 by 0.91 m)[7][8] charcoal-colored terrazzo background.[9] Inside the stars, honorees' names are embedded with center-arranged 2-inch (5.1 cm) brass letters in one or two rows, and below each name is a circular 6-inch (15 cm) brass emblem that corresponds with the category the honoree was honored in.[7][10] Stars face differing directions so that pedestrians can see them easily from whichever direction they are walking.[11] The Walk also contains hundreds of blank stars, each serving as a placeholder for a future honoree.[12]

Categorization

Stars on the Walk of Fame are awarded in six categories: motion pictures, television, recording, radio, live theater/performance, and sports entertainment.[13][14][Note 1] Their emblems are:

Alternative designs

Moon Landing monument, with square pink terrazzo pad, with half light, half medium-dark gray terrazzo Moon disk showing TV emblem at top and brass lettering inlaid that reads: Neil A Armstrong / Edwin E Aldrin Jr / Michael Collins / 7/20/69 / Apollo / XI
One of four monuments recognizing the Apollo 11 astronauts

Awards of Excellence display emblems unique to those honored.[citation needed] For example, Johnny Grant's Award of Excellence emblem displays the seal of Hollywood[20][21] and L.A.P.D. Hollywood's emblem displays a Hollywood Division badge.[22][23]

The Walk's Apollo 11 entries are circular and meant to resemble the Moon. They also contain the date of the Moon landing, "Apollo XI", and their color scheme is silver and grey on a pink background. The Walk contains four of these entries, one on each corner of Hollywood and Vine.[24][25]

Star locations

Pedestrians looking at two rows of alternating stars in the charcoal sidewalk on the north side of Hollywood Boulevard
Stars outside Grauman's Chinese Theatre

The blocks outside Grauman's Chinese Theatre and Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel are considered the prime locations for stars.[26] Stars of particularly well-known celebrities are often placed in front of the Chinese,[27] Oscar winners' stars near Dolby Theatre,[27][28] and rock 'n' rollers outside the Musicians Institute.[29] Family members and co-stars are often placed together.[30]

The Hollywood Chamber of Commerce decides each star's location[31] and they try to choose locations connected to the honoree.[30] For example, John Waters and Ray Bradbury's stars were placed outside Larry Edmunds Bookshop, a business the former has said he loved and the latter had patronized for 50 years;[32][33] Tim Burton's star was placed outside Hollywood Toys & Costumes, a business he credits as one of his childhood inspirations;[34] Farrah Fawcett's star was placed outside a hair salon;[10] and Alfred Hitchcock's star was placed outside Fox Hollywood, a theater that was showing his film Psycho at the time of the unveiling.[35]

For actors, stars are sometimes placed in locations connected to a role they are known for. Examples include Austin Powers actor Mike Myers, whose star was placed outside an adult store called the International Love Boutique;[4][36] James Bond 007 actors Roger Moore and Daniel Craig; whose stars are located at 7007 Hollywood Boulevard,[37] Ed O'Neill; whose star was placed outside a shoe store in reference to his character's occupation on Married ... with Children,[38] and Steve Guttenberg; whose star was placed outside the Police Activities League in reference to his role in the Police Academy franchise.[30]

Honorees may work with the Chamber to find a location for their star as long as it is not outside Grauman's Chinese.[28] An exception to this was Michael Jackson, who refused to attend his unveiling unless it was located outside the Chinese; the Chamber acquiesced to his demand.[39] Those who followed this rule include Jay Leno, who requested a location near Hollywood and Highland because twenty years prior he had been arrested for vagrancy there twice;[40] George Carlin, who requested his star be placed in front of KDAY radio station, where he was previously employed;[41] Ed McMahon, who requested his star be next to W. C. Fields's,[28] and Carol Burnett, who requested her star be place outside Warner Brothers Theatre, where she had worked as an usherette and was fired for insisting a couple arriving during the final few minutes of a screening wait for the next screening.[42]

Awards of Excellence are not located on the Walk, as many feature commercial names, which are banned on sidewalks in Los Angeles. Instead, these entries are located on private property next to the Walk, sometimes just inches away.[5][13][18]

Other elements

side view of the gazebo showing the ground, the structure, the caryatids, the spire, and the letters "Hollywood". The top of the spire extends beyond the image
Hollywood and La Brea Gateway, also known as the Four Ladies of Hollywood

In addition to stars, the Walk consists of several other elements. Hollywood and La Brea Gateway, also known as Four Ladies of Hollywood,[43] is a gazebo located on a traffic island at Hollywood Boulevard and La Brea Avenue.[44] Created in 1993 and dedicated on February 1, 1994,[44] the structure was designed by Catherine Hardwicke and consists of a square stainless steel Art Deco-style open roof held up by life-size caryatids of Dorothy Dandridge, Anna May Wong, Dolores del Río, and Mae West, each standing on a square base and wearing a glamorous gown. The gazebo's roof is rounded and supports a circular dome, the dome topped by a central spire with descending neon block letters spelling "Hollywood" on each side. Atop the spire is a small gilded weather vane-style sculpture of Marilyn Monroe in her billowing skirt pose from The Seven Year Itch.[44][43][45] Critics have described the gazebo as "creative and wonderful"[46] and also "depressingly awful".[47]

The Hollywood Walk of Fame Mural is a 100-foot (30 m) mixed-media mural made to celebrate the Walk's 60th anniversary and the Chamber's 100th. The mural is meant to tell "a comprehensive story of the history of Walk of Fame from its creation to its persistence..." and also "captur[e] the ages, the diversity and the beauty of the Walk of Fame and its recipients..." It was created by Ian Robertson-Salt, curated by Art Share LA, and unveiled on June 11, 2021.[48][49]

A Walk of Fame time capsule commemorating the Walk's 50th anniversary was buried below a specially-designed star near Hollywood and Highland in 2010. The capsule contains more than fifty items, including a signed picture of Joanne Woodward, a piece of Elvis Presley's star, a replica of the Capitol Records building, Emmy award memorabilia, an assortment of DVDs, the script for Casablanca, playbills from The Pantages, news articles about the Walk of Fame, a note from Bob Barker, and more. It is scheduled to be opened in 2060.[50]

Bob Hope's live performance star with a rectangular plaque beside it that reads "The Hollywood Chamber of Commerce / honors / BOB HOPE / Hollywood's Citizen of the Century
Bob Hope's live performance star with a plaque honoring him as Hollywood's Citizen of the Century

Some stars are accompanied by plaques about the star or its recipient. For example, a plaque beside Bob Hope's live performance star honors him as Hollywood's Citizen of the Century, a designation he was given when the star was re-dedicated for his 100th birthday;[51] a plaque beside Gene Autry's live performance star, his fifth star awarded,[52] notes that he is the only individual honored in all (at the time) five categories;[53] and a plaque beside Jennifer Lopez's star recognizes it as the 2,500th star unveiled.[54] Additionally, stars unveiled in 2010 are accompanied by a 50th anniversary plaque.[55]

Administration

The Hollywood Chamber of Commerce administers the Walk of Fame, which is maintained by the self-financing Hollywood Historic Trust. The Chamber collects fees ($85,000 as of 2026) from each new honoree's sponsor; these funds are used to create and install the honoree's star and also to maintain the entire Walk.[11][56] The Chamber also hosts induction ceremonies[57] and owns the Walk's licensing rights,[58] the latter of which they have upheld through cease and desist orders and lawsuits.[59][60][61]

Nominations

In 1962, the City of Los Angeles specified the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce as the organization to advise them about new entries to the Walk.[62] The Chamber does so through a selection committee that receives between 200 and 300 nominations per year.[11][63] Anyone, including fans, can nominate anyone other than themselves as long as the nominee approves.[64][11][28] A minimum of five years' experience in the nominated category is required and posthumous nominees must have been deceased for at least two years.[13] The nomination fee is $275 as of 2026.[31]

James Cameron squats by his new star, left hand propping up his plaque
James Cameron unveiling his star in 2009

Nominees are evaluated based on professional achievement (including awards and other honors), charitable contributions, and longevity.[64] The selection process begins in April,[63] and by June, approximately thirty nominations are selected.[11] Once selected, honorees must schedule a presentation ceremony within two years; otherwise their nomination is rejected.[11]

Traditionally, members of the Selection Committee other than chairman are not made public. However, in 1999, in response to intensifying charges of secrecy in the selection process, the Chamber disclosed its committee members; they were: Johnny Grant, committee chair; Earl Lestz, president of Paramount Studio Group; Stan Spero, retired manager at KMPC and KABC; Kate Nelson, owner of Palace Theatre; and Mary Lou Dudas, vice president of A&M Records.[65] The Chamber's current position is that "each of the six categories is represented by Walk of Famers with expertise in that field."[11]

Johnny Grant remained committee chair until his death in January 2008[66] and by September, Lestz was chair.[67] By 2010, former Director of Communications for the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences John Pavlik was chairman,[68][69] while David Green was chair in 2012 and 2013,[70] Maureen Schultz in 2014,[71] Vin Di Bona in 2016 through 2019,[72] Ellen K in 2020 through 2023,[73] and Peter Roth in 2024 and 2025.[74]

Rule adjustments

Muhammad Ali's star, a live performance emblem below his name, on a single black terrazzo slab with a metal border, the border surrounded by tan wall slabs, with a row of tile fillet where the wall meets the black terrazzo slab-covered floor
Muhammad Ali's star in the live performance category, placed vertically in a wall so it cannot be walked upon

Rules prohibit nominees whose contributions lie outside the categories the Walk of Fame honors, but the Selection Committee has adjusted interpretations of its categories to justify selections. For example, the Apollo 11 monuments officially recognize the astronauts for "contributions to the television industry", something that committee chairman Johnny Grant acknowledged was "a bit of a stretch".[28] Another example is Muhammad Ali, whose star was granted after the committee decided boxing was a form of live performance; Ali's star was also placed vertically in a wall instead of horizontally in the sidewalk because Ali shares his name with the Islamic prophet Muhammad and therefore requested it not be walked upon.[3][75]

Only one honoree has had their star unveiled after failing to attend the required unveiling: Barbra Streisand. Streisand did attend when her husband James Brolin was honored two decades later.[4]

Upkeep

According to local law, the city of Los Angeles bears no responsibility for the maintenance of sidewalks, including those of the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Instead, the responsibility lies with property owners, or in the case of the Walk of Fame, a property owners' association. As such, maintenance for the Walk of Fame is paid for by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce, funded by half of the fee for each new star. However, these funds are not used exclusively for cleaning and repairs; for example, they also pay for streetscape holiday lighting.[76]

As of 2016, the cost of a complete star restoration was between $5,000 and $10,000 ($6,700 and $13,400 in 2025). The Chamber often waits for private developers to pay for this, as it is usually included in neighboring construction projects. The Chamber also prioritizes repairing serious damage, such as trip-and-fall hazards, over cosmetic repairs.[76]

In 1999, the Hollywood Business Improvement District hired homeless, one-legged, former television repairman John Peterson to polish every star at least once a month; previously, he had been doing so of his own initiative.[77][78] Peterson retired in 2014,[77] after which his position was filled by a rotating crew of contractors, and as of 2019, Walk of Fame cleaning procedures included daily sweeping and bi-weekly power washing in addition to once-a-month polishing. Cleaning is generally done around midnight, when the sidewalks are less busy.[79]

Star removal

In answer to various requests, the Chamber announced in 2017 that "the Hollywood Walk of Fame is a registered historic landmark. Once a star has been added ... it is considered a part of the historic fabric"[Note 3] and will not be removed.[82] The Chamber further clarified this position in 2024, stating that it does not have the authority to remove stars.[83]

History

Origin

The Walk of Fame was created in response to the significant revenue drops Hollywood was experiencing in the late 1940s and early 1950s, caused by suburbanization and the Paramount Decree.[84] Some sources give Hollywood Chamber of Commerce member and Hollywood Improvement Association president Harry Sugarman credit,[61][85] while the Chamber itself credits 1953 volunteer president E. M. Stuart and also states that the Hollywood Improvement Association was established with Sugarman as president to see the project through to completion.[62] The origin of the star concept is also uncertain, although it may have come from stars that displayed celebrity names on Hollywood Hotel's dining room ceiling[62][86] and another theory has it coming from Sugarman's Tropics, a restaurant whose drink menu featured celebrity photos framed in gold stars.[85] Regardless, by 1955, the basic idea had been agreed upon; it was submitted to City Council in January 1956.[62]

In February 1956, a prototype was unveiled featuring John Wayne's name and caricature inside a star; caricatures, however, proved too difficult to execute and were replaced by brass emblems.[4][62] The Walk's proposal also originally called for a blue and brown sidewalk, but this was vetoed by Charles E. Toberman, reportedly because it clashed with a building he had under construction.[4][62] The final design, including a coral-and-charcoal color scheme,[87] was then approved, after which 1,558 honorees were selected by committees representing four branches of the entertainment industry: motion pictures, television, recording, and radio. Members of these committees included Cecil B. DeMille, Samuel Goldwyn, Jesse L. Lasky, Walt Disney, Hal Roach, Mack Sennett, and Walter Lantz.[62] The recording committee originally required minimum sales of one million records or 250,000 albums, but they soon realized many important artists would be excluded by this requirement. As a result, the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences was formed to create a separate award for the music industry, leading to the first Grammy Awards in 1959.[88]

A woman in a red dress points at Charlton Heston's star with other stars, Hollywood Brown Derby, Vine Street, and the Dyas Building viewable behind it. The text "Star-Sidewalks / Hollywood, Calif." printed in a red cursive font at the top of the image
Vine Street near Hollywood and Vine in the 1960s

Construction of the Walk was scheduled to begin in 1958, but two lawsuits delayed it. The first was filed by local property owners challenging the $85 per foot of storefront, $1.25 million ($13.9 million in 2025) in total,[62] tax assessment levied upon them.[89] In 1959, the assessment was ruled legal.[90] The second was filed by Charles Chaplin Jr., who sought $400,000 ($4.46 million in 2025) in damages for the exclusion of his father,[89] whose inclusion had been withdrawn due to pressure from local business owners.[12] Chaplin Jr.'s suit was dismissed in 1960, allowing for construction to begin.[91]

While Joanne Woodward is often singled out as the first person to receive a star—she was the first to be photographed with one[28]—she was one of eight names chosen at random and inscribed on prototype stars;[62][92] the other seven were Olive Borden, Ronald Colman, Louise Fazenda, Preston Foster, Burt Lancaster, Edward Sedgwick, and Ernest Torrence.[62][92][93] The eight prototypes were installed in front of the first Federal Building on the northwest corner of Hollywood and Highland and dedicated in September 1958;[93][94] their purpose was to generate publicity, gauge public interest, and demonstrate how the Walk would look.[62][92]

The Walk's official groundbreaking took place on February 8, 1960 and was attended by Chamber members Stuart and Sugarman, Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors member Ernest E. Debs, and future honorees Linda Darnell, Gigi Perreau, Francis X. Bushman, and Charles Coburn.[12] On March 28, 1960, the first permanent star, Stanley Kramer's, was set near Hollywood and Gower.[62][95] In total, 2,058 stars were unveiled: 1,558 for honorees[62][66] and 500 blank stars meant to acknowledge the Walk as a living monument.[84] The Walk was dedicated on November 23, 1960 and completed in the spring of 1961.[66]

Stagnation and revitalization

Although the Walk was originally conceived in part to improve and beautify the neighborhood,[96] the 1960s and 1970s saw protracted urban decay in the area.[97][98] After the initial installation, eight years passed without a new star. In 1962, the Los Angeles City Council passed an ordinance naming the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce the agent to advise the City regarding new honorees. The Chamber then devised rules, procedures, and financing methods to do so. In December 1968, Richard D. Zanuck was awarded the Walk's first new star[62][99] and by May 1975, 99 stars had been added.[62][66]

Johnny Grant, wearing glasses and a dark blue suit, and Joe Pasternak, also wearing a dark blue suit, hold a Walk of Fame award that features a replica star as a crowd around them clap and look on
Johnny Grant, center, at Joe Pasternak's star unveiling, 1991

In 1980, Johnny Grant was awarded a star for his television work,[100] for which Grant took it upon himself to create a memorable ceremony. Impressed by his efforts, the Chamber and Grant agreed that he become Walk of Fame Committee chairman and that in this position he help resurrect the Walk.[62][101] Grant stimulated the Walk's publicity by requiring each new recipient personally attend their star unveiling.[101] He later recalled that "it was tough to get people to come accept a star" due to the state of the neighborhood at the time.[98] Grant also transformed the unveilings into media events, which were commonly aired on nightly newscasts, and he instituted a $2,500 ($9,769 in 2025) fee for each new star, to fund the Walk's upkeep.[101] The fee has increased over time and was $85,000 as of 2026.[31]

In 2002, Grant received an Award of Excellence star to acknowledge his efforts to revitalize the neighborhood.[21][102] He was also named chairman of the Selection Committee and Honorary Mayor of Hollywood,[21] the latter a ceremonial position previously held by Art Linkletter and Monty Hall,[103][104] amongst others.[105] Grant held these positions until his death in 2008, by which point he had hosted more than 500 star unveilings[62][106] and his name was considered synonymous with the walk.[62] After Grant's death, representative Diane Watson stated that "no name [is] more associated with Hollywood’s Walk of Fame than Johnny Grant"[107] and today, the Chamber credits Grant's leadership with having "built the Walk into an international icon."[62]

Preservation and expansion

The Hollywood Walk of Fame was designated Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument No. 194 in 1978.[80] In 1985, the Hollywood Boulevard Commercial and Entertainment District was added to the National Register of Historic Places, and while the Walk was not included in the listing, it was mentioned as an element of "fine urban design".[81]

Charcoal sidewalk featuring two rows of alternating stars, one row full and the other with gaps. No pedestrians.
The Walk with two rows of alternating stars

In 1984, a fifth category, Live Theatre, was added to acknowledge contributions from the live performance branch of the entertainment industry. Additionally, a second row of stars was created to alternate with stars from the first row.[62] In 1994, the Walk was extended one block west,[62] where it now ends at the Hollywood and La Brea Gateway gazebo.[108]

In 1996, during construction of the B Line, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) removed and stored more than 300 stars.[109] Controversy arose when the MTA proposed destroying each star's terrazzo pad while preserving only the brass lettering, surrounds, and medallions, then pouring new terrazzo after construction was complete,[8] but the Cultural Heritage Commission ruled that the star pads needed to be removed intact.[110]

The Walk celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2010. Each star unveiled that year was accompanied by a 50th anniversary plaque[55] and a time capsule was also added under its own star.[50] Additionally, on July 25, 2010, the neighborhood held an anniversary festival that included live music, studio and theater tours, and an exhibit at the Hollywood Museum.[111] The U.S. House of Representatives also officially commended and congratulated the Walk that year.[66]

In 2023, a sixth category, Sports Entertainment, was added to acknowledge contributions of athletes to the entertainment industry.[16] In 2025, the Chamber reported that they add an average of thirty new stars every year.[11]

Restoration

In 2008, a long-term restoration project began with an evaluation of all 2,365 stars, each of which received an A, B, C, D, or F. Ten stars received Fs (including those of Cecil B. DeMille, Ginger Rogers, Neil Diamond, Lucille Ball, and Billy Wilder)[76] and fifty received Ds, the damage ranging from minor cosmetic flaws to holes and fissures severe enough to be a tripping hazard. After the evaluation, the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce together with the city and county of Los Angeles made plans to repair or replace at least 778 stars at an estimated cost of more than $4 million ($5.98 million in 2025).[112][113]

closeup of a crack that extends horizontally above Michael Landon's name and across the top point of the star
Michael Landon's star with cracks at its top, 2011

To encourage funding for the project by corporate sponsors, the Chamber inaugurated the "Friends of Walk of Fame" program,[113] which recognizes donors with honorary plaques adjacent to the Walk in front of Dolby Theatre.[18] The program received criticism, being described by a Los Angeles Times reporter as "the latest corporate attempt to buy some good buzz." Another critic stated "I think Johnny Grant would roll over in his grave."[18]

In 2015, the city introduced the "Heart of Hollywood Master Plan", which promotes creating a pedestrian zone on Hollywood between La Brea and Highland,[114][115] and in 2019, they commissioned Gensler to plan a $4 million ($5.04 million in 2025) renovation for the entire Walk.[116][117][118] In 2020, draft plans were released, proposing new landscaping and bike lanes, sidewalk dining and widening, and the removal of street lanes and parking between Gower Street and La Brea Avenue.[119] Phase one of this proposal, which includes widening sidewalks; consolidating bus stops; adding benches, tables, and chairs; and removing parking lanes between Orange Drive and Gower Street, was approved in 2021.[120]

Theft

Gregory Peck's brand new star on a vibrant charcoal terrazzo pad surrounded by faded terrazzo
Gregory Peck's replacement star after the original was stolen in 2005

Four stars and one statue have been stolen from the Walk. In 2000, James Stewart's and Kirk Douglas' stars disappeared after they had been temporarily removed for a construction project. Police recovered the stars in the home of a construction worker employed on the project; however, the stars were badly damaged and had to be remade. One of Gene Autry's five stars was also stolen from a construction area.[121][122]

In 2005, thieves used a concrete saw to remove Gregory Peck's star from its site at Hollywood and North El Centro Avenue. The star was replaced almost immediately but the original was never found, nor were the perpetrators who stole it.[121][122] Another theft occurred in 2019, when Austin Clay, who had previously vandalized Donald Trump's star, stole the Marilyn Monroe statue atop Hollywood and La Brea Gateway.[43]

Thieves have also attempted to chisel out individual stars' category emblems.[121]

Honorees

While more than 2,800 stars have been awarded,[2] because some individuals have been awarded multiple times, the number of individuals honored is less than the total star count. In the early 2010s, the Los Angeles Times estimated that approximately 2,200 individuals were honored by the 2,400+ stars issued at that time.[12]

Diversity

An analysis in 2011 found that minority representation, while rising, was underrepresented on the Walk. Of all stars, 5.1% honored African-Americans, 3.4% honored Hispanics, and 0.4% honored Asians, all of which were significantly less than those minorities' percentage of the overall population.[123] Analysts and commentators were not surprised by this, as the same lack of representation was present in Hollywood as a whole.[123][124] The Hollywood Chamber of Commerce responded by stating that it has been working hard to improve diversity. They also noted that several of the Walk's original honorees were minorities, including Anna May Wong, Dolores Del Rio, Cantinflas, Hattie McDaniel, and others.[123]

Multiple honors

Gene Autry live theater star with a rectangular plaque below it that reads: GENE AUTRY / The only individual honored with a star in all five categories of the Hollywood Walk of Fame / Radio · Motion Pictures · Recording · Television · Live Performance
Gene Autry's star with a plaque noting him as the only individual with a star in all (at the time) five categories
Frank Sinatra's three stars, for recording, television, and motion pictures

No one has been honored in all six categories, while one person, Gene Autry, has been honored in five.[12] Bob Hope and Tony Martin have been honored in four,[125][126] while Roy Rogers and Mickey Rooney have been honored individually in three and in a shared star for a fourth, Roy Rogers as part of Sons of the Pioneers[127] and Mickey Rooney with his wife Jan Chamberlin.[128] More than thirty individuals have been honored in three categories, including Jack Benny, Danny Kaye, Frank Sinatra, Dinah Shore, and Gale Storm,[12] and many have been honored in two. Additionally, each member of The Beatles is honored twice in the same category, individually and as part of the group.[129]

The family with the most individuals recognized is the Barrymores, with six.[4] Other families with more than two individuals recognized include the Bridges, Carradines, Curtises, Dern-Ladds, Garland-Minnellis, Hustons, Lockharts, Nelsons, and more.[130][131]

Unique and unusual

Professions

Several below-the-line filmmakers have been included in the Walk, including: Conrad Hall and Haskell Wexler (cinematographers),[132] Edith Head and Ruth E. Carter (costume designers),[133] Yakima Canutt (stuntman),[92] Walter Lantz (animator),[92] Ray Harryhausen and Dennis Muren (visual and special effects artists),[134][135] Max Factor and The Westmores (makeup artists),[136][137] and John Chambers, Stan Winston, and Rick Baker (special effect make-up artists).[138][139][140] Max Factor was a makeup manufacturer as well.[136]

Two novelists have stars on the Walk: Sidney Sheldon, who wrote screenplays before becoming a novelist,[141] and Ray Bradbury, whose stories have formed the basis for dozens of movies and television programs.[142] One film critic, Roger Ebert, has a star,[143] although it is in the television category as his review shows were televised.[144] Movie theater proprietors are also included, most notably Sid Grauman, creator of the Grauman's Chinese and Egyptian theaters,[28] and Earvin Magic Johnson, former owner of Magic Johnson Theaters.[4][145]

Eight inventors have stars on the Walk: George Eastman, inventor of roll film;[146] Thomas Edison, developer of many devices used in the film industry, including the phonograph, motion picture camera, and long-lasting, practical electric light bulb;[147] Lee de Forest,[148] inventor of the triode vacuum tube and Phonofilm;[149][150] Herbert Kalmus, inventor of Technicolor;[151] Auguste and Louis Lumière, inventors of important motion picture camera components;[152][153] Ray Dolby, co-developer of the first practical video tape recorder and a pioneer in surround sound and noise reduction;[154] and Mark Serrurier, who re-designed Moviola, which was invented by his father.[155] Hedy Lamarr, co-inventor of a frequency-hopping radio guidance system that was a precursor to Wi-Fi networks and cellular telephone systems,[156] is also honored but for her acting work.[157]

Several honorees have also achieved political notability. Presidents Ronald Reagan and Donald Trump have stars on the Walk,[158] and Reagan is also one of two California governors with a star; the other is Arnold Schwarzenegger.[159][160] Former U.S. Senator George Murphy[161] and Representatives Helen Gahagan[162] and Sonny Bono[163] also have stars, as does former Prime Minister of Poland Ignacy Paderewski.[164]

Three judges have been honored, all in the television category as their proceedings were televised: Judge Greg Mathis,[165] Judge Judy Sheindlin,[166] and Judge Joseph Wapner.[167]

Animals

A standard Walk of Fame star featuring the name Rin-Tin-Tin and a motion picture emblem
Rin-Tin-Tin's star, given for his work in motion pictures

Three dogs are included in the Walk: the fictional character Lassie and animal actors Rin Tin Tin and Strongheart.[168] An animated dog, Snoopy, is also included, as are several other animated animals.[169]

Fictional characters

In addition to members of the entertainment industry, the Walk also honors fictional characters, with more than twenty honored as of 2024.[170]

The first fictional characters added and the only included in the original 1,558 stars were Lassie and Betty Lou.[171][172] However, despite being played by numerous canine actors, the most notable being Pal,[170][171] Lassie is often referred to as a canine actor herself,[4][171] and Betty Lou shares her star with her voice actor and broadcast partner, Tommy Riggs.[172] Because of this, the third fictional character honored, Mickey Mouse, is often referred to as the first.[170][173] Mickey was added in 1978, in honor of his 50th anniversary.[174] Minnie Mouse was not honored until forty years later; however when she was, her star was located directly outside El Capitan,[175] Disney's flagship theater.[176]

In 1985, Bugs Bunny, a Warner Bros. character, became the fourth fictional character honored.[170] In 2004, Godzilla became the first kaiju honored[177] and in 2024, Batman became the first superhero honored.[170] Jim Henson, one of four puppeteers with a star, has three stars dedicated to his fictional creations: one for The Muppets as a whole and the others for Kermit the Frog and Big Bird.[178][179][180]

Clayton Moore is so inextricably linked with his Lone Ranger character that his star lists the honoree as playing the character.[87] Tommy Riggs is also listed alongside Betty Lou, whom he voiced, although his star does not specify that he played her; rather it implies he acted as himself alongside her, which he also did.[172] A third actor tightly linked to a specific character, Paul Reubens as Pee-wee Herman, is also honored, although in this case the star lists only the character, not the actor.[181]

Shared names

Radio personality Michael Jackson's star after the 2009 death of the musician of the same name
Musician and recording artist Michael Jackson's star about two weeks after his death

Two pairs of stars share identical names representing different people. There are two Harrison Ford stars, one for the silent film actor and the other for present-day actor, and two Michael Jackson stars, one for the pop singer and the other for the radio personality.[4] After Michael Jackson's death in 2009, many fans mistook the radio personality's star for the singer's, the latter of which was inaccessible due to the premiere of Brüno.[182]

Groups and pairings

Some stars honor groups, not individuals. Dozens of music groups have been honored, including The Beatles, The Beach Boys, The Jackson 5, The Supremes, Queen, Green Day, Backstreet Boys, Destiny’s Child, and more.[183] Sports teams are also honored, including the Harlem Globetrotters and Los Angeles Dodgers.[184][185]

Other stars honor professional pairings rather than individuals. Examples include radio co-hosts Al Lohman & Roger Barkley, Ken Minyard & Bob Arthur, Mark & Brian, and Mark & Kim;[186] live performers Siegfried & Roy[187] and Jan & Mickey Rooney;[188] television writers Sid & Marty Krofft;[189] actors Mary-Kate & Ashley Olsen;[190] and music duos Sonny & Cher,[191] BeBe & CeCe Winans,[192] Steve Lawrence & Eydie Gorme,[193] and Daryl Hall & John Oates.[194] Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen are the only twins to share a star.[4]

Repeat selections and entries

Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, and Michael Collins share four monuments, one on each corner of Hollywood and Vine, all in the television category.[25] Similarly, George Eastman was given two stars in the same category for the same achievement: the invention of roll film.[195]

Charlie Chaplin is the only honoree to be selected twice for the same star. He was unanimously voted into the initial group in 1956, but the Selection Committee ultimately excluded him, reportedly due to questions regarding his morals[196] but more likely due to his left-leaning political views.[197] Chaplin was re-selected and added in 1972;[12] he received an honorary Academy Award that same year.[4] The committee's Chaplin difficulties reportedly also contributed to its decision in 1978 against awarding a star to Paul Robeson;[198] however, the resulting outcry was so intense that the decision was reversed and Robeson was awarded a star the following year.[199][200][201]

Organizations

The Hollywood Reporter's Award of Excellence star

Commercial organizations must have an entertainment industry connection of at least fifty years to be considered for an Award of Excellence. While not technically part of the Walk, as in Los Angeles it is against the law to place corporate names on sidewalks, these stars are installed on private property adjacent to it.[5] Stars in this category include Disneyland, The Hollywood Reporter, KTLA, Hanna-Barbera, Los Angeles Dodgers, Variety, and Victoria's Secret Angels.[5][12][202]

Other organizations honored with stars in or adjacent to the Walk include the Los Angeles Police Department Hollywood Division, Screen Actors Guild, The Recording Academy, and the Walk of Fame itself.[202]

Errors

Several stars have been unveiled with the wrong name. Most notably, film and television actor Don Haggerty's star originally displayed the first name "Dan". The mistake was fixed, but years later when the television actor Dan Haggerty (no relation to Don) received a star, confusion due to the former misspelling sprouted an urban legend that Dan Haggerty was the only honoree to have a star removed.[203][204] Other stars that bear the wrong name include Thomas Kane Tully's, which reads "Thomas L. Tully",[205] and Mauritz Stiller's prior to 1988, when it read "Maurice Diller".[206]

In addition to incorrect names, some honorees' names have been misspelled. In 2010, Julia Louis-Dreyfus's star was constructed reading "Julia Luis Dreyfus".[4][207] The actress was reportedly amused and the error was corrected.[208] Similarly, Dick Van Dyke's star misspelled his last name as "Vandyke" before it was rectified,[4] and several stars remain misspelled, including Lotte Lehmann (misspelled as "Lottie"), Merian C. Cooper ("Meriam"), and Auguste Lumière ("August").[209] Some stars also contain emblems that do not match the category the honoree was honored in, including Carmen Miranda, who was honored in the motion picture category but her star bears the television emblem, and Larry King, who was honored in the television category but his star bears a motion picture emblem.[4]

Controversial

Several honorees have resulted in controversy, some immediately when honored and others later. Charlie Chaplin's initial selection was so controversial due to his political views that it was revoked,[196] and today his inclusion would be questioned due to his multiple relationships with minors.[210] Gal Gadot's inclusion has also received backlash due to her outspoken support of the Israeli military; her star unveiling was met with protests and her star was vandalized soon after.[211][212]

Numerous individuals and organizations have called or petitioned for the removal of Donald Trump's star, including local residents,[213] Latino advocacy groups,[214] and West Hollywood City Council, the latter of which stated that "the Hollywood Walk of Fame is an honor. When one belittles and attacks minorities, immigrants, Muslims, people with disabilities or women – the honor no longer exists."[215][216] Others have also come to the star's defense.[217]

Spade Cooley is believed to be the only convicted murderer honored by the Walk.[218] He is not the only murderer though, as Gig Young is known to have murdered his wife. Young was never convicted, however, as he committed suicide shortly after.[214] Other controversial criminal-related stars include those of accused rapists and domestic abusers, some of whom were convicted while others were not.[214] The MeToo movement saw concerted efforts to have several of these honorees removed, most notably Bill Cosby after his sexual assault conviction that was later overturned.[210] Similar removal campaigns were held against Sean Combs.[83]

Rejected

The Chamber rejects about 85-90% of the nominations it receives each year.[Note 4] Rejections are not made public; however, after Kim Kardashian publicly stated her desire for a star, the Chamber clarified that her nomination would be rejected as the Walk does not honor reality stars unless they have been nominated for or won an Oscar, Emmy, Grammy, or other major award given for a performance.[219][220]

Numerous individuals have been selected for the Walk but rejected the honor, including Prince, who rejected it twice,[221] and Clint Eastwood.[63] Others have also de facto rejected a star by refusing to schedule or show up for their unveiling, including Leonardo DiCaprio, Julia Roberts, Madonna, Bruce Springsteen, and Denzel Washington.[222]

Visitors

The Walk has played an important role in making tourism the largest industry in Los Angeles County. According to a 2003 report by market research firm NPO Plog Research, the Walk attracts about ten million visitors annually, which is more than the Sunset Strip, Grauman's Chinese Theatre, the Queen Mary, and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art combined.[223] U.S. News ranks the Walk as the third best attraction in Los Angeles, after Griffith Observatory and the Getty Center.[224]

Despite the Walk's popularity and prestige, visitors are often underwhelmed[225] due to its perceived dirtiness, grittiness, and problems with homelessness and crime.[226] The Walk has repeatedly been called the "Walk of Shame"[227][228][229][230] and designated as "the world's worst tourist attraction";[227][231][232] it has also been described as "cheesy",[233] "tacky",[234] and a tourist trap.[105][235][236]

Street vendors and performers

Two guitarists play on one side of a row of Walk of Fame stars, Hollywood Boulevard behind them, while pedestrians walk by on the other. Cars, including a blue and yellow taxi, and buildings can be seen in the background.
Buskers performing on the Walk

The Walk of Fame is one of Los Angeles's most popular locations for street vendors. In 2018, street vending was banned, but the ban was rescinded in 2024.[237] Vendors commonly sell merchandise or bacon-wrapped hot dogs.[238]

Buskers, musicians distributing albums, and other street and costumed performers also frequent the Walk, particularly outside Grauman's Chinese Theater and Madame Tussauds Hollywood. In 2016, City Council considered limiting the number permitted in the area, as many visitors report negative experiences due to the performers' rude and aggressive behavior. The performers have also been known to get into altercations with each other.[239][240]

Unveilings

A large crowd of onlookers behind barriers surrounding a platform, with Scarlett Johansson in a black and white dress and emcee Leron Gubler in a black suit on the platform and smiling to the crowd
A portion of the crowd at Scarlett Johansson's star unveiling in 2012

Star unveilings are free to attend;[11] are almost always paid for by a studio, network, record label, or other corporate patron;[76] usually coincide with a new release from the honoree;[76] and attract crowds in the dozens, hundreds, or thousands. Michael Jackson's unveiling in 1984 set a record for the highest number of attendees, with 5,000,[39][241] while Selena Quintanilla's 2017 unveiling attracted 4,500 attendees, an amount the Chamber claimed was a record despite it being less than Jackson's.[242] Vicente Fernandez's unveiling also attracted a similarly high 4,000 attendees.[243] Anthony Anderson's unveiling, which occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, had a notably low attendance of 25.[63]

Tributes

Robin Williams's star with flowers (scattered, potted, and bouquets), photographs, paper, and an award that reads "Brightest Star in the Comedy Galaxy" covering all but his name and the surrounding charcoal terrazzo
Robin Williams's star shortly after his death in 2014

The Hollywood Chamber of Commerce has adopted the tradition of placing flower wreaths at the stars of newly deceased honorees; as a result, these stars have become impromptu memorial and vigil sites. Fans often show respect by laying flowers or other symbolic tributes, and some continue to do so on anniversary remembrances. Others show support in other ways; for example, Julio Iglesias's star is cleaned and polished once a month by a group of elderly women.[244]

Rallies, protests, and vandalism

Walk of Fame stars are sometimes used as sites for rallies or protests. Often, the protests occur as vandalism, which has ranged from profanity and political statements to damage with heavy tools. In 2005, closed circuit surveillance cameras were installed on Hollywood between La Brea and Vine to discourage these activities.[245] Additionally, if an honoree has a large enough scandal, police will increase their presence around that person's star to deter vandalism.[210]

Construction workers in high-vis yellow vests work with trash bags and a wheelbarrow on the sidewalk around a recently poured terrazzo pad and unidentifiable star. Police officers in front of caution tape and pedestrians behind caution tape watch. Disney, Ghirardello, and TMZ banners are visible across the street.
Donald Trump's star under repair after vandalism in 2018

Donald Trump's star, obtained for his work on the Miss Universe pageant and The Apprentice,[210][246] has been the site of numerous protests and rallies; it has also been vandalized multiple times. During the 2016 presidential election, a service dog's owner had the dog defecate on Trump's star, which was then posted on Twitter.[247] Shortly after, James Otis, a claimed heir to the Otis Elevator Company fortune,[248][249] used a pickaxe and sledgehammer to destroy the star's brass inlays. He readily admitted to the vandalism[250] and was sentenced to three years' probation.[251] The star was repaired and then served as the site of rallies[252] and protests[253] throughout the election.

Further vandalism of Donald Trump's star occurred in 2018 when it was destroyed a second time, this time by Austin Clay.[254] Clay later surrendered to police, after which he was sentenced to one day in jail, three years of probation, and twenty days of community service. He was also ordered to attend psychological counseling and pay $9,404.46 in restitution.[255] Later in 2018, after Trump's star was repaired, it was placed behind bars[256] and defaced with swastikas and other graffiti.[257] Conversely, dozens of blank stars were vandalized in support of Trump's star that same year.[217] Trump's star was vandalized multiple times again in 2020, including with a pickaxe, with dog feces, and with spray-paint.[258][259]

Other politicians' stars have not seen the same level of protests or vandalism; however Ronald Reagan's star was the site of a 1981 gathering to request signatures petitioning him to keep leopards on the endangered species list.[260] The star was also peed on for David Bowie's Day-In Day-Out music video; however, the moment was removed so that MTV would accept the video into their rotation.[160]

Protests and vandalism of non-politicians' stars also occur. In 2009, Sharon Stone, Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, and Aretha Franklin's stars had the words "Old Fur Hag", "Fur Hags", and "Fur Hag" written on them, presumably in protest of them wearing fur clothing.[261] In 2015, Sofia Vergara's star was graffitied in reference to her use of frozen embryos.[262] In 2017, Bob Marley's star was damaged by a heavy object[263] and protestors also gathered around Kevin Spacey's star to protest predatory culture in Hollywood.[264] In 2024, Selena Quintanilla and Jenni Rivera's stars were covered in black paint twice within 24 hours[265] and in 2025, Gal Gadot's star was vandalized in reference to the Israeli military.[212] Bill Cosby's star has been vandalized multiple times, including in 2014 and 2018,[266] and in 2015 protestors (including Lili Bernard and Victoria Valentino) used the site to protest rape limitation laws in California.[267][268] Radio commentator Michael Jackson's star has also been defaced (presumably, it was mistaken for the singer's star with the same name), after which Paris Jackson cleaned it up.[266]

Not all vandalism on the Walk is a form of protest. John Lennon's star was defaced with several non-negative messages in 2013 and Hugh Hefner's star was defaced with a blue crown and the letters "RIP" shortly after his death in 2017.[266] Furthermore, not all Walk of Fame protests are directed at individuals. For example, in 1988, activists sledgehammered several of the Walk's curbs in support of the Americans with Disabilities Act[269] and the Walk of Fame was also the gathering point for an estimated 25,000 Black Lives Matter protestors in 2020.[270]

Influence

Stars in (left to right, top to bottom): Almeria, Berlin, Hong Kong, Las Vegas, Łódź, and Mexico City

The Hollywood Walk of Fame has inspired walks throughout the world. Other walks that either cite Hollywood's as their inspiration or claim to be their country's equivalent to Hollywood's include those in Almeria;[271] Berlin;[272] Cambridge, MA;[273] Hong Kong;[274] Las Vegas, NV;[275] Łódź;[276] London;[277] Mexico City;[278] Mumbai;[279] Sydney;[280] Tampere;[281] Wembley;[282] and many more. Los Angeles also has several other walks inspired by Hollywood's,[283] and elsewhere in California, the creators of San Francisco's Rainbow Honor Walk and Walk of Game have both cited the Hollywood Walk of Fame as their inspiration.[284][285]

The Walk has also influenced protestors, not just in Hollywood, but elsewhere. Examples include a 2020 protest in Mumbai, India,[286][287] and a 2026 Jeffrey Epstein protest in Washington, D.C.[288][289]

In media

Notable films that feature the Hollywood Walk of Fame include Pretty Woman, where streetwalkers use the names on several stars to describe where they streetwalk,[160] The Substance, which begins and ends on the main character's fictional star,[290] Harry and Tonto, where the titular characters are picked up at the Walk,[291] Inland Empire, where the main character vomits blood on the Walk,[292] and The Fanatic, where the main character is a busker on the Walk.[293] Jimmy Kimmel Live! has done skits on the Walk, including having Mark Hamill pretend to remove Jimmy Kimmel's star to make room for his own[294] and having Hamill stand beside his star to see if anyone would recognize him.[295] The music video for Miley Cyrus's "Walk of Fame" features the Walk,[296] The Kinks's Celluloid Heroes was both inspired by and mentions the Walk,[297] and Sofie Royer has a song titled "Hollywood Walk of Fame".[298] Street photographer Garry Winogrand has also featured the Walk of Fame in his work.[299][300]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Recording is sometimes referred to as music.[15]
    Sports entertainment refers to athletes that also work in the entertainment industry, it does not refer to seemingly competitive events where entertainment is prioritized and competition is not.[16]
  2. ↑ As of October 16, 2025, the star breakdown is: 1,226 in motion pictures, 704 in television, 529 in audio recording or music, 254 in radio, 75 in theater/live performance, 3 in sports entertainment, and 22 Awards of Excellence.[19]
  3. ↑ The Walk is a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument[80] and although it is not registered in the National Register of Historic Places, it is mentioned as an element of "fine urban design" in the Hollywood Boulevard Commercial and Entertainment District's listing.[81]
  4. ↑ The Chamber receives 200-300 nominations each year and selects an average of 30.[11]

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