Firehouse, Hook & Ladder Company 14, is a former New York City Fire Department firehouse at 120 East 125th Street in the East Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, United States. The building, a Romanesque structure designed by Napoleon LeBrun & Sons, was originally built for Fire Hook and Ladder Company No. 14. It is clad in brick and stone and is generally four stories high, with a one-story rear annex. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is preserved by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission as an individual city landmark.

The site was originally occupied by Mechanics Company No. 7. replaced with Metropolitan Suburban Company 14 (later Hook and Ladder Company 14) in 1865. The current firehouse was constructed in 1888–1889 and used by Hook and Ladder Company 14 until 1975. Afterward, Engine Company 36 moved in, using the firehouse until 2003. The building was then unused until 2016 when the Caribbean Cultural Center African Diaspora Institute (CCCADI) moved in.

Description

Fire Hook and Ladder Company No. 14 is located at 120 East 125th Street in the East Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, United States.[4][5] The firehouse was designed by Napoleon LeBrun & Sons,[5][6] who designed 42 firehouses for the New York City Fire Department (FDNY) from 1880 to 1895.[7][3] The building is one of several New York City firehouses that the firm designed at the middle of a city block.[6] The firehouse's site has a frontage of 25 feet (7.6 m) on the street[8] and extends 101 feet (31 m) into the interior of the block.[8]

The building is built in the Romanesque Revival style[3][9][10] and is clad in brick and stone.[10] It is generally four stories high,[10] with a one-story rear annex.[8] It is identical to the firehouse of Engine Company No. 56 on the Upper West Side, which, like the Hook & Ladder Company No. 14 firehouse, also dates from the late 1880s.[11] The historian Barbaralee Diamonstein-Spielvogel wrote in 2011 that the design showed "the firm's attention to setting, materials, and stylistic details".[3] Christopher Gray of The New York Times in 2005 called the building "a pleasing mix of red brick and brownstone".[12]

At street level, the first story has a central vehicular entrance surrounded by rusticated pieces of brownstone.[10] The vehicular opening has a cast-iron frame,[3][10] decorated with fish-scale and flame motifs.[12][10] It is flanked symmetrically by two additional openings: a window to the east (left) and a wooden doorway to the west (right).[3][10] The doors and frame are painted.[3][13] The second and third stories are faced in brick, with vertical arrays of quoin-like brownstone blocks at either end of the street frontage. The center of the facade has large tripartite windows, while the eastern (left) edge has two small windows overlooking bathrooms.[14] The sash windows have aluminum frames, which replaced the original wood frames.[15] A spandrel panel between these stories contains a stone tablet naming the architects and fire commissioners at the time of the building's construction.[12][14] The fourth story, housed within a slate mansard roof, contains a brownstone-trimmed gable, which has an arched window with an ovolo molding.[14] A jib for the building's hay loft, shaped like a dragon, is mounted from the gable.[16]

The ground floor has an open plan layout, which housed apparatus and vehicles; when horse-drawn vehicles were used, the firehouse's horses also lived on the ground floor. There were a captain's office, dormitories, and kitchen on the second and third stories and a hay loft above.[15] Design details include a circular iron staircase, a pressed-tin ceiling, a hose-drying tower, and holes in the floor for a firefighter pole,[17] although the pole itself has since been removed.[15]

History

The Metropolitan Fire Department (the FDNY's predecessor) was formed in March 1865 through the merger of several private fire companies.[18] The New York City Common Council attempted to take control of existing firehouses from the ruling Tammany Hall political machine by banning firehouse construction.[7] As part of the Metropolitan Fire Department's creation, Metropolitan Suburban Ladder Company No. 14 was organized in October 1865.[19][20] It replaced Mechanics Company No. 7, a volunteer fire squad.[20] Suburban Ladder Company 14 was classified as a suburban fire squad because of Upper Manhattan's low population at the time, with lower wages and less technologically advanced apparatus compared with the urban fire squads. In 1868, the suburban squad became Hook and Ladder Company 14.[20]

By the late 1870s, the area around Harlem was rapidly developing because of population increases in New York City, as well as new elevated rail lines serving the area; this prompted the development of new civic infrastructure, including schools, courthouses, libraries, and firehouses.[21] To accommodate the need for additional firehouses in the neighborhood, the current firehouse was constructed in 1888–1889.[20] To alert people to fires, members of the company originally rang the bell in the nearby Harlem Fire Watchtower twice a day.[22]

The firehouse was used by Hook and Ladder Company 14 until 1975, when it moved to Third Avenue; the firehouse was then used by Engine Company 36.[20] The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission considered designating the building as a landmark in the early 1990s[23][24] and granted the designation in 1997.[6][3][9] Due to the city government's fiscal shortfalls,[25] Engine Company 36 was disbanded in 2003, despite significant community opposition to the closure.[26][27] The building was then abandoned for several years.[28] The building was also added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.[2]

In 2013, the city government decided to decommission five firehouses, including the firehouse for Engine Company 36, and turn them into cultural centers.[29] The city government agreed to let the Caribbean Cultural Center African Diaspora Institute (CCCADI) occupy the building,[30] and the CCCADI bought it for $1.[31] A renovation began in September 2014[32][33] after city officials allocated $9.3 million for the renovation.[34][35] The CCCADI moved into the firehouse of Hook and Ladder Company 14 in 2016,[30][34] opening an art gallery there.[28] Although the institute expanded to a nearby building in 2022, it continued to use the firehouse.[36]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. November 2, 2013.
  2. 1 2 "Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS)". New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation. November 7, 2014. Archived from the original on April 4, 2019. Retrieved July 20, 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diamonstein-Spielvogel, Barbaralee (2011). The Landmarks of New York (5th ed.). Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. p. 305. ISBN 978-1-4384-3769-9.
  4. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1997, p. 1; National Park Service 2013, p. 3.
  5. 1 2 White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 555. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7.
  6. 1 2 3 "Fire Hook and Ladder Company No. 14". Historic Districts Council. June 21, 2018. Retrieved June 23, 2026.
  7. 1 2 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1997, p. 2; National Park Service 2013, p. 8.
  8. 1 2 3 National Park Service 2013, p. 3.
  9. 1 2 Dolkart, Andrew (2004). Guide to New York City Landmarks. John Wiley & Sons. p. 208. ISBN 978-0-471-36900-4. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1997, p. 4; National Park Service 2013, p. 3.
  11. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1997, p. 4; National Park Service 2013, p. 9.
  12. 1 2 3 Gray, Christopher (January 16, 2005). "A Once-Dangerous Block Gets a Face-Lift and an Uplift". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  13. ↑ National Park Service 2013, p. 4.
  14. 1 2 3 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1997, p. 5; National Park Service 2013, p. 4.
  15. 1 2 3 National Park Service 2013, p. 5.
  16. ↑ Gray, Christopher (January 16, 2005). "A Once-Dangerous Block Gets a Face-Lift and an Uplift". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  17. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1997, p. 5; National Park Service 2013, p. 5.
  18. ↑ Landmarks Preservation Commission 1997, p. 2.
  19. ↑ Department, New York (N Y. ) Metropolitan Fire (1870). Annual Report of the Metropolitan Fire Department of the City of New York. Retrieved June 23, 2026.
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 Landmarks Preservation Commission 1997, p. 3; National Park Service 2013, p. 11.
  21. ↑ National Park Service 2013, p. 10.
  22. ↑ "WATCH TOWER OF HARLEM.; The Old Landmark in Bad Condition -- Liable to Succumb to Heavy Storm". The New York Times. September 13, 1896. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  23. ↑ Kennedy, Shawn G. (May 12, 1991). "Landmarks: Now, It's Harlem's Turn". The New York Times. pp. R1, R10. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 108702386. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  24. ↑ Walker, Stacie (August 11, 1992). "CLOSEUP Protect and Preserve". Newsday. p. 27. ISSN 2574-5298. ProQuest 278520112.
  25. ↑ Cooper, Michael (March 26, 2003). "Council Told 8 Firehouses Are at Risk". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  26. ↑ Kilgannon, Corey (May 26, 2003). "Some Firehouses Go Quietly, Some With Rage". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  27. ↑ Browne, J Zamgba (July 3, 2003). "Missing from mayor's budget deal: Engine 36". New York Amsterdam News. p. 3. ProQuest 390321358.
  28. 1 2 Hughes, C. J. (January 17, 2024). "East Harlem's 125th Street tries to get back on track". Crain's New York Business. Archived from the original on January 17, 2025. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  29. ↑ Feiden, Douglas (February 27, 2013). "The nation's leading Afro-Caribbean cultural center will begin construction in early 2014 on new $5.5 million home in a converted landmark firehouse on 125th St. in East Harlem". New York Daily News. Retrieved July 1, 2026.
  30. 1 2 "CCCADI Opens Doors to its New Historic Location". Uptown Collective. October 14, 2016. Archived from the original on April 11, 2026. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  31. ↑ McQueen, Gregg (October 1, 2014). "Stoking new fires: CCCADI prepara nuevas oficinas centrales". Manhattan Times News. Archived from the original on October 11, 2025. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  32. ↑ Solis, Gustavo (September 16, 2014). "Cultural Center Begins Renovating Landmarked East Harlem Firehouse". DNAinfo New York. Retrieved July 1, 2026.
  33. ↑ "Groundbreaking of new cultural center in East Harlem". New York Amsterdam News. September 18, 2014. Retrieved July 1, 2026.
  34. 1 2 Thackara, Tess (October 14, 2016). "After 40 Years, New York's Caribbean Cultural Center Finds a Permanent Home in East Harlem". Artsy. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  35. ↑ Gregory, Kia (September 25, 2014). "From Expanded Home, Celebrating the Cultures of the African Diaspora". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 30, 2026.
  36. ↑ Baird-Remba, Rebecca (March 25, 2022). "Caribbean Cultural Center Moves to New Building on 125th Street". Commercial Observer. Retrieved June 30, 2026.

Sources

source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Firehouse,_Hook_&_Ladder_Company_14